| Title | Iamblichus De anima: Text, Translation, and Commentary |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2002 |
| Publication Place | Leiden |
| Publisher | Brill |
| Series | Philosophia antiqua |
| Volume | 92 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Finamore, John F. , Dillon, John , Iamblichus |
| Editor(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Iamblichus (245-325), successor to Plotinus and Porphyry, brought a new religiosity to Neoplatonism. His theory of the soul is at the heart of his philosophical system. For Iamblichus, the human soul is so far inferior to the divine that its salvation depends not on philosophy alone (as it did for Plotinus) but on the aid of the gods and other divinities. This edition of the fragments of Iamblichus' major work on the soul, De Anima, is accompanied by the first English translation of the work and a commentary which explains the philosophical background and Iamblichus' doctrine of the soul. Included as well are excerpts from the Pseudo-Simplicius and Priscianus (also translated with commentary) that shed further light on Iamblichus' treatise. [authors abstract] |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/eU92R6DFQTBvZNv |
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| Title | Der fortlaufende philosophische Kommentar in der Antike |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | German |
| Date | 2002 |
| Published in | Der Kommentar in Antike und Mittelalter. Beiträge zu seiner Erforschung |
| Pages | 183-199 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Hadot, Ilsetraut |
| Editor(s) | Geerlings, Wilhelm , Schulze, Christian |
| Translator(s) |
| Der fortlaufende philosophische Kommentar wird für uns vom ersten vorchristlichen Jahrhundert an faßbar und verdankt seine Entstehung der wohlbekannten Tatsache, daß von diesem Zeitpunkt an in allen Philosophenschulen der Antike der Unterricht mehr und mehr die Form einer Erklärung der Texte ihrer Schulgründer Platon, Aristoteles, Epikur und Chrysipp annimmt. Vorher wird es wohl nur Erklärungen zu schwierigen Stellen gegeben haben. Von den Kommentaren zu den Werken des Chrysipp ist nichts erhalten, aber wir wissen z.B. von dem Stoiker Epiktet, daß er in seinem Unterricht Chrysipp kommentierte, wie die Platoniker und Peripatetiker Platon und Aristoteles. Es ist uns nur ein einziger fortlaufender Kommentar zu einem stoischen Text überliefert worden, der des Neuplatonikers Simplikios zum 'Handbüchlein' des Epiktet, der aber natürlich nicht eine stoische, sondern eine neuplatonische Exegese des stoischen Textes liefert. [Author's abstract] |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/2nBhLKx79PX17Gq |
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Vorher wird es wohl nur Erkl\u00e4rungen zu schwierigen Stellen gegeben haben. Von den Kommentaren zu den Werken des Chrysipp ist nichts erhalten, aber wir wissen z.B. von dem Stoiker Epiktet, da\u00df er in seinem Unterricht Chrysipp kommentierte, wie die Platoniker und Peripatetiker Platon und Aristoteles. Es ist uns nur ein einziger fortlaufender Kommen\u00adtar zu einem stoischen Text \u00fcberliefert worden, der des Neuplatonikers Simplikios zum 'Handb\u00fcchlein' des Epiktet, der aber nat\u00fcrlich nicht eine stoische, sondern eine neuplatonische Exegese des stoi\u00adschen Textes liefert. 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Great emphasis is laid on the interdisciplinary connection between these different points of view, for example by discussing the question on the impact pagan rhetoric had on Christian commentary texts. Further interest is focused on relevant literature - medicine, grammar, philosophy - and its commentaries. ","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/t1Wsaktcc3bLUhj","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":267,"pubplace":"Leiden \u2013 Boston \u2013 K\u00f6ln","publisher":"Brill","series":"Clavis commentariorum antiquitatis et medii aevi","volume":"2","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[2002]}
| Title | Simplicius or Priscianus? On the Author of the Commentary on Aristotle's "De Anima" (CAG XI) : A Methodological Study |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2002 |
| Journal | Mnemosyne, Fourth Series |
| Volume | 55 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 159–199 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Hadot, Ilsetraut |
| Editor(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This article represents a new contribution to the author's debate with C. Steel as to the authenticity of the Commentary on Aristotle's De Anima, attributed by the manuscripts to the 6th-century A.D. Neoplatonist philosopher Simplicius. On the basis of what he claims are stylistic and doctrinal differences between the In DA and Simplicius' other commentaries, Steel has argued that the In DA cannot be by Simplicius, but is instead to be attributed to his contemporary Priscian of Lydia. In the present article, it is argued (1) that the alleged stylistic differences between the In DA and Simplicius' other commentaries can be explained by other considerations: in particular, the vocabulary and style of the Neoplatonist commentators is largely determined by the text commented upon, as well as the level of studies of the audience for whom each commentary is intended. (2) The alleged doctrinal differences between the In DA and Simplicius' other com- mentaries simply do not exist. Careful examination of Steel's arguments shows that they suffer from serious methodological flaws, including the failure to take into consideration Simplicius' Commentary on the Manual of Epictetus, and the ambiguity of Neoplatonic philosophical terminology. It is concluded that in the whole of Steel's argumentation, there is not one decisive argument which would allow us to conclude that the commentary on the De Anima, attributed by direct and indirect tradition to Simplicius, is inauthentic. [Author's abstract] |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/kB5BDlY4hvsJToF |
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| Title | Die Stellung des Neuplatonikers Simplikios zum Verhältnis der Philosophie zu Religion und Theurgie |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | German |
| Date | 2002 |
| Published in | Metaphysik und Religion: Zur Signatur des spätantiken Denkens / Akten des Internationalen Kongresses vom 13.-17. März 2001 in Würzburg |
| Pages | 323-342 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Hadot, Ilsetraut |
| Editor(s) | Kobusch, Theo , Erler, Michael |
| Translator(s) |
| Der Epiktetkommentar ist dazu bestimmt, dem Leser die sittlichen Grundhaltungen zu vermitteln, ohne die es für ihn nicht förderlich ist, ein Studium der Philosophie zu beginnen. Da es sich somit um eine allgemein gehaltene Einführung handelt, die den Erwerb der bürgerlichen Tugenden mit Hilfe der neuplatonischen Kommentierung des Handbüchleins des Epiktet zum Ziel hat wird im Verfolg des zu kommentierenden Textes eine breite Palette von philosophischen Fragen kurz angesprochen, ohne in die Tiefen des philosophischen Systems vorzudringen. Es ist daher unerlässlich, bei der Interpretierung des Epiktetkommentars über die traditionellen neuplatonischen Lehren informiert zu sein, wenn man den dogmatischen Hintergrund der Darlegungen des Simplikios erfassen will: Die Aneignung der ersten Stufe des neuplatonischen Tugendkanons, der politischen Tugenden, die erklärterweise das Ziel des Kommentars zum Handbüchlein des Epiktet ist, geht mit der Ausübung der Kultriten einher, wenn sie wohl auch im allgemeinen zur Zeit des Simplikios nur noch im privaten Rahmen stattfinden konnten. Es gibt keine Anhaltspunkte dafür, daß Simplikios eine im Vergleich zu Jamblich, Hierokles und Proklos abweichende Haltung gegenüber dem Verhältnis der Philosophie zu Religion und Theurgie eingenommen hätte, d.h. daß, bei aller Wichtigkeit und Unerlässlichkeit der Theurgie, auch für ihn die Philosophie mit ihrer rationalen Erfassung der metaphysischen Themen eine unabdingbare Voraussetzung bleibt. [Author's abstract] |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/FmnwLQ5nzuHtge7 |
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| Title | The Ṣābians of Ḥarrān and the Classical Tradition |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2002 |
| Journal | International Journal of the Classical Tradition |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 8-35 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Pingree, David |
| Editor(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This article addresses questions concerning the characteristics of the paganism of Harran, its eclectic sources, and its development by examining the relationships - real, possible, and fictitious - of various personalities with the city of Harran from Assyrian times till the Mongol attack in 1271. It is suggested that the Sabians used Neoplatonism, which, if Tardieu's analysis is correct, they originally learned from Simplicius, to develop, explain, and justify their practice of astral magic, and that their interest in the Greek astronomy and astrology that astral magic required served to maintain the study and to preserve the texts of these sciences during the centuries in which they were ignored in Byzantium. It is further shown that the Greek philosophical and scientific material available to them was mingled with elements from ancient Mesopotamia, India, Iran, Judaism, and Egypt to form a syncretic system of belief that they could claim to be mankind's original and authentic religion. [Author's abstract] |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/X1WeKlIvMP4Qwf0 |
{"_index":"sire","_type":"_doc","_id":"1212","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1212,"authors_free":[{"id":1794,"entry_id":1212,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":292,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Pingree, David","free_first_name":"David","free_last_name":"Pingree","norm_person":{"id":292,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Pingree","full_name":"Pingree, David","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"The \u1e62\u0101bians of \u1e24arr\u0101n and the Classical Tradition","main_title":{"title":"The \u1e62\u0101bians of \u1e24arr\u0101n and the Classical Tradition"},"abstract":"This article addresses questions concerning the characteristics of the paganism of Harran, its eclectic sources, and its development by examining the relationships - real, possible, and fictitious - of various personalities with the city of Harran from Assyrian times till the Mongol attack in 1271. It is suggested that the Sabians used Neoplatonism, which, if Tardieu's analysis is correct, they originally learned from Simplicius, to develop, explain, and justify their practice of astral magic, and that their interest in the Greek astronomy and astrology that astral magic required served to maintain the study and to preserve the texts of these sciences during the centuries in which they were ignored in Byzantium. It is further shown that the Greek philosophical and scientific material available to them was mingled with elements from ancient Mesopotamia, India, Iran, Judaism, and Egypt to form a syncretic system of belief that they could claim to be mankind's original and authentic religion. [Author's abstract]","btype":3,"date":"2002","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/X1WeKlIvMP4Qwf0","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":292,"full_name":"Pingree, David","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}}],"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1212,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"International Journal of the Classical Tradition","volume":"9","issue":"1","pages":"8-35"}},"sort":[2002]}
| Title | Aquinas and the Platonists |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2002 |
| Published in | The Platonic Tradition in the Middle Ages: A Doxographic Approach |
| Pages | 279-324 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Hankey, Wayne J. |
| Editor(s) | Gersh, Stephen , Hoenen, Maarten J. F. M. |
| Translator(s) |
| This pattern shows Thomas, both as a thinker and as an interpreter of the history of philosophy, to be an heir of the Peripatetic and Neoplatonic representations of Platonism, representations in which he was more and more immersed as his work continued. There was always a conflict between Iris conscious and his unconscious Platonism. But there was no necessity that this conflict should force him outside the tradition in which he placed himself. In fact, his most notable forerunners in this self-conflict are Augustine, as he himself gives evidence, and Dionysius, who in his Christian and Neoplatonic following of the Unknown God was probably as obscure to himself as he remains to us. And last we may add Boethius, who, like Augustine, needed Platonism to console his Christian death. [conclusion, last paragraph] |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/2jvhRNyXcIY5cZy |
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| Title | Note sulla chiusura della Scuola neoplatonica di Atene |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Italian |
| Date | 2002 |
| Journal | Schede Medievali |
| Volume | 42 |
| Pages | 53-95 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Napoli, Valerio |
| Editor(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/cmv1vllUEmRfYfx |
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| Title | Le philosophe et le joueur. La date de la fermeture de l'école d'Athènes |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | French |
| Date | 2002 |
| Published in | Mélanges Gilbert Dagron |
| Pages | 21-35 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Beauchamp, Joëlle |
| Editor(s) | Déroche, Vincent |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/qRmjfSLcNw0ZI9L |
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| Title | Theophrastus’ De Igne: Orthodoxy, Reform and Readjustment in the Doctrine of Elements |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2002 |
| Published in | On the Opuscula of Theophrastus. Akten der 3. Tagungder Karl-und-Gertrud-Abel-Stiftung vom 19.-23. Juli 1999 in Trier |
| Pages | 75-90 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Bodnár, István M. |
| Editor(s) | Fortenbaugh, William W. , Wöhrle, Georg |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/Msf7lIDW37Bvix8 |
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| Title | La fin du Néoplatonisme Hellénique. Mise au point sur la question |
| Type | Article |
| Language | French |
| Date | 2002 |
| Journal | Revue de Philosophie Ancienne |
| Volume | 20 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 83-110 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Saihi, Sofian |
| Editor(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/AjjKL33qFZURrzc |
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| Title | The Ṣābians of Ḥarrān and the Classical Tradition |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2002 |
| Journal | International Journal of the Classical Tradition |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 8-35 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Pingree, David |
| Editor(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
This article addresses questions concerning the characteristics of the paganism of Harran, its eclectic sources, and its development by examining the relationships - real, possible, and fictitious - of various personalities with the city of Harran from Assyrian times till the Mongol attack in 1271. It is suggested that the Sabians used Neoplatonism, which, if Tardieu's analysis is correct, they originally learned from Simplicius, to develop, explain, and justify their practice of astral magic, and that their interest in the Greek astronomy and astrology that astral magic required served to maintain the study and to preserve the texts of these sciences during the centuries in which they were ignored in Byzantium. It is further shown that the Greek philosophical and scientific material available to them was mingled with elements from ancient Mesopotamia, India, Iran, Judaism, and Egypt to form a syncretic system of belief that they could claim to be mankind's original and authentic religion. [Author's abstract] |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/X1WeKlIvMP4Qwf0 |
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| Title | Theophrastus’ De Igne: Orthodoxy, Reform and Readjustment in the Doctrine of Elements |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2002 |
| Published in | On the Opuscula of Theophrastus. Akten der 3. Tagungder Karl-und-Gertrud-Abel-Stiftung vom 19.-23. Juli 1999 in Trier |
| Pages | 75-90 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Bodnár, István M. |
| Editor(s) | Fortenbaugh, William W. , Wöhrle, Georg |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/Msf7lIDW37Bvix8 |
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| Title | Thomas' Neoplatonic Histories: His following of Simplicius |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2002 |
| Journal | Dionysius |
| Volume | 20 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Hankey, Wayne J. |
| Editor(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
Following Simplicius, Thomas set up the Platonic and Aristotelian philosophical viae as complementary oppositions each of which contributed to the truth. Thomas also followed Simplicius in discerning differences between the hermeneutic methods of the two great schools. He reproduced the history of philosophy of Simplicius as soon as he had his commentaries, agreed with many of his conciliating judgments, and used the same reconciling logical figures. He does not identify himself as a Peripatetic or as a Platonist. However, when he agrees that Aristotle’s way of reasoning, per viam motus, to the existence of separate substances is manifestior et certior, he is sitting in judgment with, not against, Simplicius. For both the sixth and the thirteenth century commentators, Plato and Aristotle are assimilated to each other in various ways, and the real possibility of any beginning except that from the sensible is excluded. Thomas’ hermeneutic is that of the Platonic tradition in late Antiquity – Thomas certainly thought that the truth was veiled under poetic and symbolic language and judged this to be essential for revealing the truth to humans. Consistently with this approach, in the exposition of the De Caelo, Aquinas goes so far with Simplicius as to find “something divine (fabula aliquid divinum continet)” in the myth that Atlas holds up the heavens.106 He would seem, thus, to be on his way to the reconciliation of religious as well as of philosophical traditions. If this should, in fact, be his intent, Thomas would be following Simplicius and his Neoplatonic predecessors in their deepest purposes. This Christian priest, friar, and saint would have placed himself with the “divine” Proclus among the successors of Plato. [Conclusion] |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/iv8aERtbvhiRAMo |
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| Title | Three Thêtas in the "Empédocle de Strasbourg" |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2001 |
| Journal | Mnemosyne, Fourth Series |
| Volume | 54 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 78-84 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Algra, Keimpe A. , Mansfeld, Jaap |
| Editor(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
[Conclusion, p. 81]: ies of books that do not sell fast enough. We conclude that we cannot, merely on the basis of the Strasbourg fragments, confidendy assign to (book two of?) the physical poem the grue- some fragment (now plus its new context) Stein and Diels assigned to the Purifications. Until further evidence turns up, only a non liquet is feasible, and we should keep open the possibility that we are dealing with 'Z?y Empedocle de Strasbourg'. And the 6s in the papyrus fragments discussed above are simply wrong. The slighdy bizarre interpretation based on them may be abandoned. |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/boL2U41aTbpaPuO |
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| Title | Théories et practiques de la prière à la fin de l'antiquité |
| Type | Edited Book |
| Language | undefined |
| Date | 2020 |
| Publication Place | Turnhout |
| Publisher | Brepols |
| Series | Bibliothèque de l'école des hautes études sciences religieuses |
| Volume | 185 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | |
| Editor(s) | Hoffmann, Philippe , Timotin, Andrei |
| Translator(s) |
Ce livre étudie les différents modes de rapport entre les théories et les pratiques de la prière à la fin de l’Antiquité dans un cadre interdisciplinaire qui réunit des spécialistes de l’histoire religieuse des mondes grec et romain, de la philosophie religieuse tardo-antique et de la littérature patristique. [author's abstract] |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/CTKw8APVQcq7YHq |
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| Title | Time, Perpetuity and Eternity in Late Antique Platonism |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2005 |
| Journal | KronoScope |
| Volume | 5 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 213-235 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Siniossoglou, Nikētas |
| Editor(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
This paper focuses on the late antique conception of time, eternity and perpetual duration and examines the relation between these concepts and Plato’s cosmology. By exploring the controversy between pagan philosophers (Proclus, Ammonius, Simplicius, Olympiodorus) and Christian writers (Aeneas of Gaza, Zacharias of Mytilene, Philoponus) in respect to the interpretation of Plato’s Timaeus, I argue that the Neoplatonic doctrine of the perpetuity (ἀïδιότης) of the world derives from a) the intellectual paradigm presupposed by the conceptual framework of late antiquity and b) the commentators’ principal concern for a coherent conception of Platonic cosmology essentially free from internal contradictions. |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/r5SKTg8d7h2L4OM |
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| Title | Translating the Personal Aspect of Late Platonism in the Commentary Tradition |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2011 |
| Published in | Interpreting the Bible and Aristotle in Late Antiquity: The Alexandrian Commentary Tradition between Rome and Baghdad |
| Pages | 137-150 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Watts, Edward Jay |
| Editor(s) | Lössl, Josef , Watt, John W. |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/A5S9psq4ainV07Y |
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| Title | Un commentaire perpétuel de Georges Pachymère à la Physique d'Aristote, faussement attribué à Michel Psellos |
| Type | Article |
| Language | French |
| Date | 2007 |
| Journal | Byzantinische Zeitschrift |
| Volume | 100 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 637-676 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Golitsis, Pantelis |
| Editor(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
Récapitulons l essentiel des raisonnements philologiques qui nous ont permis de restituer le véritable auteur du commentaire, qui dorénavant doit être attribué à Georges Pachymère. Nous avons vu que l 'ensemble de la tradition manuscrite qui attribue le commentaire à Psellos descend d' un ancêtre commun, l' Ambrosianus H 44 sup., écrit à la fin du XIVe siècle. Celui-ci remonte pourtant à un archétype, écrit vers l 'an 1300 et aujourd hui perdu (l 'Escori- alensis D. IV. 24), dans lequel le commentaire figurait sous le nom de Pachymère, ainsi que nous avons pu le montrer grâce au Vindobonensis phil. gr. 248 et à des témoignages du XVIe siècle. Cet archétype de l 'ensemble de la tradition manuscrite du commentaire a été copié sur le Laurentianus plut. 87,5, autographe stricto sensu de Pachymère, dont il se servait pour assurer son enseignement de la Physique. [conclusion, p. 676] |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/RuATZsvpBh8r0qp |
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| Title | Un commentario alessandrino al «De caelo» di Aristotele |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Italian |
| Date | 2013 |
| Journal | Athenaeum: Studi di letteratura e Storia dell'antichità |
| Volume | 101 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 479-516 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Rescigno, Andrea |
| Editor(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/MosWsQqRlk4x6RL |
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| Title | Un grief antichrétien chez Proclus: l'ignorance en théologie |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | French |
| Date | 2012 |
| Published in | Les chrétiens et l’hellénisme: identités religieuses et culture grecque dans l’Antiquité tardive |
| Pages | 161-197 |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Hoffmann, Philippe |
| Editor(s) | Perrot, Arnaud |
| Translator(s) |
This text discusses the problematic relationship between Hellenism and Christianity and the processes of Hellenization in Christianity. However, it introduces a dissonance by highlighting the disdainful silence of the last ancient philosophers towards Christian literature and their hatred towards Christianity and the Christian Empire during the period of complete Christianization. The author examines the lack of discussion of identifiable Christian theological positions in the works of informed and erudite philosophers of the 5th and 6th centuries, such as Proclus, Damascius, and Simplicius. The philosophers seem to have had only caricatures of Christians and their theology, displaying their misconceptions and prejudices, considering Christians as ignorant, irrational, and enslaved to their passions. The text introduces the construction of the otherness of Christians and their religion through hostile allusions and venomous comments. The text also presents a philosophical perspective of history in Damascius's work, the Life of Isidore, which describes the three ages of humanity, characterized by three types of souls or parts of the soul and their corresponding political regimes. Damascius's description of the current age of Christianity is negative, portraying it as an age of irrationality and misbehavior, filled with cowardice, avarice, and servility. [introduction] |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/pf5XBpu9iL2A9qj |
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