Diogenes revisited, 2008
By: Laks, André
Title Diogenes revisited
Type Book Section
Language English
Date 2008
Published in
Pages 281-290
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s)
Translator(s)
In the first edition of this book (1983), I made an attempt to take Diogenes somewhat more seriously than he had usually been taken, at least after Diels’ devastating 1881 article, in which he portrayed Diogenes as a second-rate eclectic thinker. Diels showed, particularly through an analysis of Diogenian echoes in Aristophanes’ Clouds, that Diogenes was quite popular in the last third of the 5th century (a popularity that has been confirmed by the discovery in 1962 of the Derveni Papyrus). His popularity, however, was in Diels’ view a confirmation of the unserious quality of Diogenes’ thinking (are not serious thinkers always ignored by the vulgar?). Has this attempt been successful? The fact that some collections and translations of Presocratic philosophers leave him out may or may not be significant—some publishing companies obviously think that the corpus is too bulky. But Diogenes is certainly still lacking general recognition. Histories of archaic philosophy tend to overlook him and often offer little more than an implicit justification for his exclusion, the core of which is encapsulated in the term “eclecticism.” What makes him visible is his absence rather than any discussion about him. One complaint made by a reviewer of the Cambridge Companion to Early Greek Philosophy was that it nowhere happens even to mention the one achievement Diogenes is credited with, namely his alleged role in the history of teleology, for which he is occasionally praised. It is all the more noteworthy that Graham (2006) has made Diogenes a landmark in the history of Presocratic philosophy by making him, rather than the older Anaximenes, the real initiator of the doctrine of “Material Monism” (chap. 10). I personally tend to think that Diogenes’ contribution on this point is rather to have explicitly stated the implications of Anaximenes’ monism, rather than substituting a material monism for an Anaximenean pluralism, which is Graham’s paradoxical point (see above, p. 70). In what follows, I just want to restate briefly what seem to me to be the two basic points about Diogenes. The first one concerns what I take to be the center of Diogenes’ own thought, namely the relation between his noetics (so I shall call his doctrine of Intelligence) and his teleology. The second is about the reception of Diogenes’ thought and the origin of his reputation as an eclectic. [introduction p. 281-282]

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Pour une histoire de l’interprétation de Diogène, 2008
By: Laks, André
Title Pour une histoire de l’interprétation de Diogène
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 2008
Published in
Pages 21-36
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s)
Translator(s)
This text discusses the interpretation of Diogenes of Apollonia, a philosopher whose work is thought to date back to the 5th century BC. While Diogenes is often referred to as "the last of the physicists," there were other contemporaries who could also claim that title. Despite this, Diogenes' ideas on philosophy represented a culmination of previous philosophies, particularly those of Anaxagoras and Socrates. Diogenes criticized Anaxagoras' perspective and introduced the idea that "intellection" is immanent in the air, constructing a new universe based on this premise. The text notes that while Socratic-Platonic critique overshadowed Diogenes' exegesis, his work remains relevant due to its internal critique of Anaxagoras' ideas. [introduction]

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Les fragments, 2008
By: Laks, André
Title Les fragments
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 2008
Published in
Pages 62-71, 118-125, 132-159, 198-201
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s)
Translator(s)
A commentary of Fragments in Simplicius: Fragment 4 (B2 FK); Fragment 5 (B7 DK); T3 a and b (A7 and 13A4 DK); T4 (A5 DK); T8 (A19 DK); T23a, b, c, and d (A10 and 13A11 DK); T24 (A10 DK)

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Diogène d’Apollonie: Edition, traduction et commentaire des fragments et témoignages, 2008
By: Laks, André
Title Diogène d’Apollonie: Edition, traduction et commentaire des fragments et témoignages
Type Monograph
Language French
Date 2008
Publication Place Sankt Augustin
Publisher Academia Verlag
Series International Pre-Platonic Studies
Volume 6
Edition No. 2 (1st 1983)
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s)
Translator(s)
Depuis la première édition de ce livre, Diogène d'Apollonie, un des derniers "physiciens" présocratiques, longtemps dévalorisé par la réputation d' "éclectique" que H. Diels avait attachée à son nom dans un article de 1881, a suscité un regain d'intérêt. Cette seconde édition d'un ouvrage qui reste à ce jour le seul commentaire exhaustif des fragments et des témoignages de Diogène, a été revue et corrigée, mais elle prend aussi en compte, dans une série d'ajouts marqués comme tels, les travaux parus au cours des vint-cinq années écoulées. Le livre retrace l'histoire de la transmission des fragments de Diogène, analyse les positions de la critique moderne depuis l'article séminal de F. Schleiermacher (1811), et offre, pour chacun des douze fragments et des quelques trente-six témoignages, dont un nouveau classement est proposé, une analyse visant à reconstruire la logique de l'original perdu. Quatre des Notes additionnelles abordent des problèmes spécifiques, qui requéraient un traitement séparé. Une cinquième, en anglais, offre une présentation synthétique de l'interprétation ici défendue, qui situe l'importance de Diogène dans son rapport à Anaxagore et à sa doctrine de l' "intellect". [author's abstract]

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Speculating about Diogenes, 2008
By: Laks, André, Curd, Patricia (Ed.), Graham, Daniel W. (Ed.)
Title Speculating about Diogenes
Type Book Section
Language English
Date 2008
Published in The Oxford Handbook of Presocratic Philosophy
Pages 353-364
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s) Curd, Patricia , Graham, Daniel W.
Translator(s)
Twenty-five years ago, I made an attempt (in my book Diogène d’Apollonie, 1983) to take Diogenes somewhat more seriously than he had usually been taken, at least since Diels’s devastating 1881 article in which he portrayed Diogenes as a second-rate eclectic thinker. Diogenes’ popularity in the last third of the fifth century, which Diels greatly contributed to establishing through an analysis of Diogenian echoes in Aristophanes’ Clouds and was confirmed by the discovery in 1962 of the Derveni Papyrus, went along with Diogenes’ depreciated intellectual status: Are not serious thinkers ignored by the vulgar? Has this attempt been successful? The fact that some collections and translations of Presocratic philosophers leave him out may or may not be significant: some publishers obviously think the corpus is too bulky. But Diogenes is certainly still lacking general recognition. Histories of archaic philosophy tend to overlook him and often offer little more than an implicit justification for his exclusion, the core of which is encapsulated in the term “eclecticism.” What makes him visible is his absence, rather than any discussion about him. One complaint made by a reviewer of the Cambridge Companion to Early Greek Philosophy was that it nowhere happens even to mention the one achievement Diogenes is credited with, namely his alleged role in the history of teleology, for which he is occasionally praised. It is all the more noteworthy that Graham, in his recent book, has made of Diogenes a landmark in the history of Presocratic philosophy by making him, rather than the older Anaximenes, the real promoter of the doctrine of “material monism.” I personally tend to think that Diogenes’ contribution, on this point, is rather to have explicitly stated the implications of Anaximenes’ monism, rather than substituting a material monism to an Anaximenean pluralism (Graham’s paradoxical point); but Graham’s book came out after this contribution was submitted and could not be taken into account. I shall consequently restate in a rather perfunctory manner, without adding much to what I have written before, what seem to be two basic points about Diogenes. The first one concerns what I take to be the center of Diogenes’ own thought, namely the relation between his noetics (so I shall call his doctrine of Intelligence) and his teleology; the second is about the reception of Diogenes’ thought and the origin of his reputation as an eclectic. [introduction p. 353-354]

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Diogenes\u2019 popularity in the last third of the fifth century, which Diels greatly contributed to establishing through an analysis of Diogenian echoes in Aristophanes\u2019 Clouds and was confirmed by the discovery in 1962 of the Derveni Papyrus, went along with Diogenes\u2019 depreciated intellectual status: Are not serious thinkers ignored by the vulgar?\r\n\r\nHas this attempt been successful? The fact that some collections and translations of Presocratic philosophers leave him out may or may not be significant: some publishers obviously think the corpus is too bulky. But Diogenes is certainly still lacking general recognition. Histories of archaic philosophy tend to overlook him and often offer little more than an implicit justification for his exclusion, the core of which is encapsulated in the term \u201ceclecticism.\u201d What makes him visible is his absence, rather than any discussion about him. One complaint made by a reviewer of the Cambridge Companion to Early Greek Philosophy was that it nowhere happens even to mention the one achievement Diogenes is credited with, namely his alleged role in the history of teleology, for which he is occasionally praised. It is all the more noteworthy that Graham, in his recent book, has made of Diogenes a landmark in the history of Presocratic philosophy by making him, rather than the older Anaximenes, the real promoter of the doctrine of \u201cmaterial monism.\u201d\r\n\r\nI personally tend to think that Diogenes\u2019 contribution, on this point, is rather to have explicitly stated the implications of Anaximenes\u2019 monism, rather than substituting a material monism to an Anaximenean pluralism (Graham\u2019s paradoxical point); but Graham\u2019s book came out after this contribution was submitted and could not be taken into account. I shall consequently restate in a rather perfunctory manner, without adding much to what I have written before, what seem to be two basic points about Diogenes. The first one concerns what I take to be the center of Diogenes\u2019 own thought, namely the relation between his noetics (so I shall call his doctrine of Intelligence) and his teleology; the second is about the reception of Diogenes\u2019 thought and the origin of his reputation as an eclectic. 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In the sixth and fifth centuries bc a new kind of thinker appeared in Greek city-states, dedicated to finding the origins of the world and everything in it, using observation and reason rather than tradition and myth. We call these thinkers Presocratic philosophers, and recognize them as the first philosophers of the Western tradition, as well as the originators of scientific thinking. New textual discoveries and new approaches make a reconsideration of the Presocratics at the beginning of the twenty-first century especially timely. More than a survey of scholarship, this study presents new interpretations and evaluations of the Presocratics' accomplishments, from Thales to the sophists, from theology to science, and from pre-philosophical background to their influence on later thinkers. Many positions presented here challenge accepted wisdom and offer alternative accounts of Presocratic theories. This book includes chapters on the Milesians (Thales, Anaximander, Anaximenes), Xenophanes, Heraclitus, Parmenides, Anaxagoras, Empedocles, the Pythagoreans, the atomists, and the sophists. Special studies are devoted to the sources of Presocratic philosophy, oriental influences, Hippocratic medicine, cosmology, explanation, epistemology, theology, and the reception of Presocratic thought in Aristotle and other ancient authors. [author's abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/mXFwMNnXTnju9zT","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":1400,"pubplace":"New York","publisher":"Oxford University Press","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[2008]}

Le début d’une physique: Ordre, extension et nature des fragments 142-144 A/B de Théophraste, 1998
By: Laks, André, van Ophuijsen, Johannes M. (Ed.), Raalte, Marlein van (Ed.)
Title Le début d’une physique: Ordre, extension et nature des fragments 142-144 A/B de Théophraste
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 1998
Published in Theophrastus: Reappraising the Sources
Pages 143-169
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s) van Ophuijsen, Johannes M. , Raalte, Marlein van
Translator(s)
Le commentaire de Simplicius au premier chapitre de la Physique d’Aristote comporte trois mentions de Théophraste, dont une brève référence (142 FHS&G) et deux citations textuelles (143 et 144B). Nous possédons en outre une paraphrase de la seconde citation dans la partie correspondante du commentaire de Philopon (144A). Nous avons toutes les raisons de penser que ces quatre passages dérivent du premier livre de la Physique de Théophraste. Si 144A mentionne seulement le titre général de l’ouvrage de Théophraste (« dans son propre traité physique »), 144B précise : « au début de ses livres physiques ». La citation de Théophraste, en 143, est introduite par la mention moins précise, mais en l’occurrence parfaitement adéquate (puisque l’extrait, comme nous le verrons dans un instant, suivait sans doute 144A/B) : « dans le premier livre de ses traités physiques ». Le contenu corrobore ces indications. 144A/B concerne en effet le paragraphe initial du traité d’Aristote (Physique, 184a10-16), qui assigne pour première tâche à la science physique de déterminer quels en sont les principes ; 142 et 143 portent sur la suite immédiate (184a16-b14), qui introduit la distinction entre « ce qui est plus connu pour nous » et « ce qui est plus connu par nature ». Les éditeurs ont mis 142/143 en tête, sans doute parce que, énonçant des propositions méthodologiques sur le statut de l’enquête physique, ils peuvent sembler poser les préalables, alors que 144A/B mettent déjà en jeu des propositions physiques particulières. Mais ceci peut avoir été un effet de l’exégèse de Théophraste, fortement marquée, comme nous le verrons plus loin, par une tendance systématisante. À condition d’inverser l’ordre adopté par les éditeurs (c’est-à-dire d’admettre que le fragment cité dans 144B précédait dans l’original celui que rapporte 143), l’ensemble offre les linéaments d’un commentaire continu de la première page de la Physique d’Aristote. L’analyse qui suit tente d’en restituer les traits saillants. [introduction p. 143-144]

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","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/120962365","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1300,"entry_id":883,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":154,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Raalte, Marlein van","free_first_name":"Marlein van","free_last_name":"Raalte","norm_person":{"id":154,"first_name":"Marlein van","last_name":"Raalte","full_name":"Raalte, Marlein van","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/172515270","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Le d\u00e9but d\u2019une physique: Ordre, extension et nature des fragments 142-144 A\/B de Th\u00e9ophraste","main_title":{"title":"Le d\u00e9but d\u2019une physique: Ordre, extension et nature des fragments 142-144 A\/B de Th\u00e9ophraste"},"abstract":"Le commentaire de Simplicius au premier chapitre de la Physique d\u2019Aristote comporte trois mentions de Th\u00e9ophraste, dont une br\u00e8ve r\u00e9f\u00e9rence (142 FHS&G) et deux citations textuelles (143 et 144B). Nous poss\u00e9dons en outre une paraphrase de la seconde citation dans la partie correspondante du commentaire de Philopon (144A). Nous avons toutes les raisons de penser que ces quatre passages d\u00e9rivent du premier livre de la Physique de Th\u00e9ophraste. Si 144A mentionne seulement le titre g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l\u2019ouvrage de Th\u00e9ophraste (\u00ab dans son propre trait\u00e9 physique \u00bb), 144B pr\u00e9cise : \u00ab au d\u00e9but de ses livres physiques \u00bb.\r\n\r\nLa citation de Th\u00e9ophraste, en 143, est introduite par la mention moins pr\u00e9cise, mais en l\u2019occurrence parfaitement ad\u00e9quate (puisque l\u2019extrait, comme nous le verrons dans un instant, suivait sans doute 144A\/B) : \u00ab dans le premier livre de ses trait\u00e9s physiques \u00bb. Le contenu corrobore ces indications. 144A\/B concerne en effet le paragraphe initial du trait\u00e9 d\u2019Aristote (Physique, 184a10-16), qui assigne pour premi\u00e8re t\u00e2che \u00e0 la science physique de d\u00e9terminer quels en sont les principes ; 142 et 143 portent sur la suite imm\u00e9diate (184a16-b14), qui introduit la distinction entre \u00ab ce qui est plus connu pour nous \u00bb et \u00ab ce qui est plus connu par nature \u00bb.\r\n\r\nLes \u00e9diteurs ont mis 142\/143 en t\u00eate, sans doute parce que, \u00e9non\u00e7ant des propositions m\u00e9thodologiques sur le statut de l\u2019enqu\u00eate physique, ils peuvent sembler poser les pr\u00e9alables, alors que 144A\/B mettent d\u00e9j\u00e0 en jeu des propositions physiques particuli\u00e8res. Mais ceci peut avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 un effet de l\u2019ex\u00e9g\u00e8se de Th\u00e9ophraste, fortement marqu\u00e9e, comme nous le verrons plus loin, par une tendance syst\u00e9matisante. \u00c0 condition d\u2019inverser l\u2019ordre adopt\u00e9 par les \u00e9diteurs (c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire d\u2019admettre que le fragment cit\u00e9 dans 144B pr\u00e9c\u00e9dait dans l\u2019original celui que rapporte 143), l\u2019ensemble offre les lin\u00e9aments d\u2019un commentaire continu de la premi\u00e8re page de la Physique d\u2019Aristote.\r\n\r\nL\u2019analyse qui suit tente d\u2019en restituer les traits saillants. [introduction p. 143-144]","btype":2,"date":"1998","language":"French","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/yDW08T1lG0G9q6B","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":225,"full_name":"Laks, Andr\u00e9","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":87,"full_name":"van Ophuijsen, Johannes M. ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":154,"full_name":"Raalte, Marlein van","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":883,"section_of":1298,"pages":"143-169","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":1298,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"no language selected","title":"Theophrastus: Reappraising the Sources","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Ophuijsen_Raalte1997","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1997","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"Theophrastus was Aristotle's pupil and second head of the Peripatetic School. Apart from two botanical works, a collection of character sketches, and several scientific opuscula, his works survive only through quotations and reports in secondary sources. Recently these quotations and reports have been collected and published, thereby making the thought of Theophrastus accessible to a wide audience. The present volume contains seventeen responses to this material.\r\n\r\nThere are chapters dealing with Theophrastus' views on logic, physics, biology, ethics, politics, rhetoric, and music, as well as the life of Theophrastus. Together these writings throw considerable light on fundamental questions concerning the development and importance of the Peripatos in the early Hellenistic period. The authors consider whether Theophrastus was a systematic thinker who imposed coherence and consistency on a growing body of knowledge, or a problem-oriented thinker who foreshadowed the dissolution of Peripatetic thought into various loosely connected disciplines. Of special interest are those essays which deal with Theophrastus' intellectual position in relation to the lively philosophic scene occupied by such contemporaries as Zeno, the founder of the Stoa, and Epicurus, the founder of the Garden, as well as Xenocrates and Polemon hi the Academy, and Theophrastus' fellow Peripatetics, Eudemus and Strato.\r\n\r\nThe contributors to the volume are Suzanne Amigues, Antonio Battegazzore, Tiziano Dorandi, Woldemar Gorier, John Glucker, Hans Gottschalk, Frans de Haas, Andre Laks, Anthony Long, Jorgen Mejer, Mario Mignucci, Trevor Saunders, Dirk Schenkeveld, David Sedley, Robert Sharpies, C. M. J. Sicking and Richard Sorabji. The Rutgers University Studies in Classical Humanities series is a forum for seminal thinking in the field of philosophy, and this volume is no exception. Theophrastus is a landmark achievement in intellectual thought. Philosophers, historians, and classicists will all find this work to be enlightening. [author's abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/1SV1t3Xkh1BCyWm","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":1298,"pubplace":"New Brunswick & London","publisher":"Transaction Publishers","series":"Rutgers University Studies in Classical Humanities","volume":"8","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1998]}

Les circonstances de la transmission des fragments de Diogène et la reconstruction de l’argument (Simplicius, Commentaire de la Physique, p. 148,26-153,24), 1983
By: Laks, André
Title Les circonstances de la transmission des fragments de Diogène et la reconstruction de l’argument (Simplicius, Commentaire de la Physique, p. 148,26-153,24)
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 1983
Published in Diogène d’Apollonie: Edition, traduction et commentaire des fragments et témoignages
Pages 37-53
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s)
Translator(s)
The article discusses the circumstances of the transmission of the fragments of Diogenes and the reconstruction of his argument by Simplicius in his Commentary on Physics. It highlights the significance of Simplicius' work in shedding light on the ancient philosopher, and explains how Simplicius came to cite Diogenes verbatim. The article also explores the issue of intermediaries in the texts and the difficulties in their construction. The study is important in understanding the history of philosophy and the transmission of ancient texts. [introduction]

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Diogène d'Apollonie: La dernière cosmologie présocratique, 1983
By: Laks, André
Title Diogène d'Apollonie: La dernière cosmologie présocratique
Type Monograph
Language French
Date 1983
Publication Place Sankt Augustin
Publisher Academia-Verlag
Series International pre-Platonic studies
Volume 6
Edition No. 2 (1st 1998)
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s)
Translator(s)
Cet ouvrage s'inscrit dans la série des travaux que le Centre de Recherche Philosophique de l'Université de Lille III consacre à l'étude des cosmologies grecques. Après le système classique d'Empédocle et la réflexion critique d'Epicure à l'époque hellénistique, on s'intéresse ici à un penseur charnière, le dernier représentant de l' "ancienne physique".La notoriété de Diogène d'Apollonie est faible, au-delà du cercle restreint des spécialistes du Ve siècle grec. Ce tard venu n'a pas le renom d'Anaximandre ou d'Empédocle, ni celui de Démocrite, dont il est contemporain. Et pourtant, sa pensée n'est pas seulement l'ultime avatar d'une lignée dont il serait au fond indigne. Elle représente au contraire une forme d'achèvement, offrant une solution possible, dans le cadre du paradigme cosmologique hérité, au problème, laissé ouvert par le système d'Anaxagore, du mode d'action de "l'intellect" (νούς) dans le monde. La pertinence et la spécificité de la démarche, qui induit une doctrine de l'immanence, ressortent clairement quand on la confronte avec la célèbre critique d'Anaxagore menée par Socrate au nom de la téléologie dans le Phédon de Platon, et qui signe l'arrêt de mort de la spéculation présocratique. [a.a]

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  • PAGE 1 OF 1
Diogenes revisited, 2008
By: Laks, André
Title Diogenes revisited
Type Book Section
Language English
Date 2008
Published in
Pages 281-290
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s)
Translator(s)
In the first edition of this book (1983), I made an attempt to take Diogenes somewhat more seriously than he had usually been taken, at least after Diels’ devastating 1881 article, in which he portrayed Diogenes as a second-rate eclectic thinker. Diels showed, particularly through an analysis of Diogenian echoes in Aristophanes’ Clouds, that Diogenes was quite popular in the last third of the 5th century (a popularity that has been confirmed by the discovery in 1962 of the Derveni Papyrus). His popularity, however, was in Diels’ view a confirmation of the unserious quality of Diogenes’ thinking (are not serious thinkers always ignored by the vulgar?).

Has this attempt been successful? The fact that some collections and translations of Presocratic philosophers leave him out may or may not be significant—some publishing companies obviously think that the corpus is too bulky. But Diogenes is certainly still lacking general recognition. Histories of archaic philosophy tend to overlook him and often offer little more than an implicit justification for his exclusion, the core of which is encapsulated in the term “eclecticism.” What makes him visible is his absence rather than any discussion about him. One complaint made by a reviewer of the Cambridge Companion to Early Greek Philosophy was that it nowhere happens even to mention the one achievement Diogenes is credited with, namely his alleged role in the history of teleology, for which he is occasionally praised.

It is all the more noteworthy that Graham (2006) has made Diogenes a landmark in the history of Presocratic philosophy by making him, rather than the older Anaximenes, the real initiator of the doctrine of “Material Monism” (chap. 10). I personally tend to think that Diogenes’ contribution on this point is rather to have explicitly stated the implications of Anaximenes’ monism, rather than substituting a material monism for an Anaximenean pluralism, which is Graham’s paradoxical point (see above, p. 70).

In what follows, I just want to restate briefly what seem to me to be the two basic points about Diogenes. The first one concerns what I take to be the center of Diogenes’ own thought, namely the relation between his noetics (so I shall call his doctrine of Intelligence) and his teleology. The second is about the reception of Diogenes’ thought and the origin of his reputation as an eclectic. [introduction p. 281-282]

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Diogène d'Apollonie: La dernière cosmologie présocratique, 1983
By: Laks, André
Title Diogène d'Apollonie: La dernière cosmologie présocratique
Type Monograph
Language French
Date 1983
Publication Place Sankt Augustin
Publisher Academia-Verlag
Series International pre-Platonic studies
Volume 6
Edition No. 2 (1st 1998)
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s)
Translator(s)
Cet ouvrage s'inscrit dans la série des travaux que le Centre de Recherche Philosophique de l'Université de Lille III consacre à l'étude des cosmologies grecques. Après le système classique d'Empédocle et la réflexion critique d'Epicure à l'époque hellénistique, on s'intéresse ici à un penseur charnière, le dernier représentant de l' "ancienne physique".La notoriété de Diogène d'Apollonie est faible, au-delà du cercle restreint des spécialistes du Ve siècle grec. Ce tard venu n'a pas le renom d'Anaximandre ou d'Empédocle, ni celui de Démocrite, dont il est contemporain. Et pourtant, sa pensée n'est pas seulement l'ultime avatar d'une lignée dont il serait au fond indigne. Elle représente au contraire une forme d'achèvement, offrant une solution possible, dans le cadre du paradigme cosmologique hérité, au problème, laissé ouvert par le système d'Anaxagore, du mode d'action de "l'intellect" (νούς) dans le monde. La pertinence et la spécificité de la démarche, qui induit une doctrine de l'immanence, ressortent clairement quand on la confronte avec la célèbre critique d'Anaxagore menée par Socrate au nom de la téléologie dans le Phédon de Platon, et qui signe l'arrêt de mort de la spéculation présocratique. [a.a]

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Diogène d’Apollonie: Edition, traduction et commentaire des fragments et témoignages, 2008
By: Laks, André
Title Diogène d’Apollonie: Edition, traduction et commentaire des fragments et témoignages
Type Monograph
Language French
Date 2008
Publication Place Sankt Augustin
Publisher Academia Verlag
Series International Pre-Platonic Studies
Volume 6
Edition No. 2 (1st 1983)
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s)
Translator(s)
Depuis la première édition de ce livre, Diogène d'Apollonie, un des derniers "physiciens" présocratiques, longtemps dévalorisé par la réputation d' "éclectique" que H. Diels avait attachée à son nom dans un article de 1881, a suscité un regain d'intérêt.

Cette seconde édition d'un ouvrage qui reste à ce jour le seul commentaire exhaustif des fragments et des témoignages de Diogène, a été revue et corrigée, mais elle prend aussi en compte, dans une série d'ajouts marqués comme tels, les travaux parus au cours des vint-cinq années écoulées. Le livre retrace l'histoire de la transmission des fragments de Diogène, analyse les positions de la critique moderne depuis l'article séminal de F. Schleiermacher (1811), et offre, pour chacun des douze fragments et des quelques trente-six témoignages, dont un nouveau classement est proposé, une analyse visant à reconstruire la logique de l'original perdu.

Quatre des Notes additionnelles abordent des problèmes spécifiques, qui requéraient un traitement séparé. Une cinquième, en anglais, offre une présentation synthétique de l'interprétation ici défendue, qui situe l'importance de Diogène dans son rapport à Anaxagore et à sa doctrine de l' "intellect". [author's abstract]

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Le début d’une physique: Ordre, extension et nature des fragments 142-144 A/B de Théophraste, 1998
By: Laks, André, van Ophuijsen, Johannes M. (Ed.), Raalte, Marlein van (Ed.)
Title Le début d’une physique: Ordre, extension et nature des fragments 142-144 A/B de Théophraste
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 1998
Published in Theophrastus: Reappraising the Sources
Pages 143-169
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s) van Ophuijsen, Johannes M. , Raalte, Marlein van
Translator(s)
Le commentaire de Simplicius au premier chapitre de la Physique d’Aristote comporte trois mentions de Théophraste, dont une brève référence (142 FHS&G) et deux citations textuelles (143 et 144B). Nous possédons en outre une paraphrase de la seconde citation dans la partie correspondante du commentaire de Philopon (144A). Nous avons toutes les raisons de penser que ces quatre passages dérivent du premier livre de la Physique de Théophraste. Si 144A mentionne seulement le titre général de l’ouvrage de Théophraste (« dans son propre traité physique »), 144B précise : « au début de ses livres physiques ».

La citation de Théophraste, en 143, est introduite par la mention moins précise, mais en l’occurrence parfaitement adéquate (puisque l’extrait, comme nous le verrons dans un instant, suivait sans doute 144A/B) : « dans le premier livre de ses traités physiques ». Le contenu corrobore ces indications. 144A/B concerne en effet le paragraphe initial du traité d’Aristote (Physique, 184a10-16), qui assigne pour première tâche à la science physique de déterminer quels en sont les principes ; 142 et 143 portent sur la suite immédiate (184a16-b14), qui introduit la distinction entre « ce qui est plus connu pour nous » et « ce qui est plus connu par nature ».

Les éditeurs ont mis 142/143 en tête, sans doute parce que, énonçant des propositions méthodologiques sur le statut de l’enquête physique, ils peuvent sembler poser les préalables, alors que 144A/B mettent déjà en jeu des propositions physiques particulières. Mais ceci peut avoir été un effet de l’exégèse de Théophraste, fortement marquée, comme nous le verrons plus loin, par une tendance systématisante. À condition d’inverser l’ordre adopté par les éditeurs (c’est-à-dire d’admettre que le fragment cité dans 144B précédait dans l’original celui que rapporte 143), l’ensemble offre les linéaments d’un commentaire continu de la première page de la Physique d’Aristote.

L’analyse qui suit tente d’en restituer les traits saillants. [introduction p. 143-144]

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Nous poss\u00e9dons en outre une paraphrase de la seconde citation dans la partie correspondante du commentaire de Philopon (144A). Nous avons toutes les raisons de penser que ces quatre passages d\u00e9rivent du premier livre de la Physique de Th\u00e9ophraste. Si 144A mentionne seulement le titre g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l\u2019ouvrage de Th\u00e9ophraste (\u00ab dans son propre trait\u00e9 physique \u00bb), 144B pr\u00e9cise : \u00ab au d\u00e9but de ses livres physiques \u00bb.\r\n\r\nLa citation de Th\u00e9ophraste, en 143, est introduite par la mention moins pr\u00e9cise, mais en l\u2019occurrence parfaitement ad\u00e9quate (puisque l\u2019extrait, comme nous le verrons dans un instant, suivait sans doute 144A\/B) : \u00ab dans le premier livre de ses trait\u00e9s physiques \u00bb. Le contenu corrobore ces indications. 144A\/B concerne en effet le paragraphe initial du trait\u00e9 d\u2019Aristote (Physique, 184a10-16), qui assigne pour premi\u00e8re t\u00e2che \u00e0 la science physique de d\u00e9terminer quels en sont les principes ; 142 et 143 portent sur la suite imm\u00e9diate (184a16-b14), qui introduit la distinction entre \u00ab ce qui est plus connu pour nous \u00bb et \u00ab ce qui est plus connu par nature \u00bb.\r\n\r\nLes \u00e9diteurs ont mis 142\/143 en t\u00eate, sans doute parce que, \u00e9non\u00e7ant des propositions m\u00e9thodologiques sur le statut de l\u2019enqu\u00eate physique, ils peuvent sembler poser les pr\u00e9alables, alors que 144A\/B mettent d\u00e9j\u00e0 en jeu des propositions physiques particuli\u00e8res. Mais ceci peut avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 un effet de l\u2019ex\u00e9g\u00e8se de Th\u00e9ophraste, fortement marqu\u00e9e, comme nous le verrons plus loin, par une tendance syst\u00e9matisante. \u00c0 condition d\u2019inverser l\u2019ordre adopt\u00e9 par les \u00e9diteurs (c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire d\u2019admettre que le fragment cit\u00e9 dans 144B pr\u00e9c\u00e9dait dans l\u2019original celui que rapporte 143), l\u2019ensemble offre les lin\u00e9aments d\u2019un commentaire continu de la premi\u00e8re page de la Physique d\u2019Aristote.\r\n\r\nL\u2019analyse qui suit tente d\u2019en restituer les traits saillants. [introduction p. 143-144]","btype":2,"date":"1998","language":"French","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/yDW08T1lG0G9q6B","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":225,"full_name":"Laks, Andr\u00e9","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":87,"full_name":"van Ophuijsen, Johannes M. ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":154,"full_name":"Raalte, Marlein van","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":883,"section_of":1298,"pages":"143-169","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":1298,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"no language selected","title":"Theophrastus: Reappraising the Sources","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Ophuijsen_Raalte1997","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1997","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"Theophrastus was Aristotle's pupil and second head of the Peripatetic School. Apart from two botanical works, a collection of character sketches, and several scientific opuscula, his works survive only through quotations and reports in secondary sources. Recently these quotations and reports have been collected and published, thereby making the thought of Theophrastus accessible to a wide audience. The present volume contains seventeen responses to this material.\r\n\r\nThere are chapters dealing with Theophrastus' views on logic, physics, biology, ethics, politics, rhetoric, and music, as well as the life of Theophrastus. Together these writings throw considerable light on fundamental questions concerning the development and importance of the Peripatos in the early Hellenistic period. The authors consider whether Theophrastus was a systematic thinker who imposed coherence and consistency on a growing body of knowledge, or a problem-oriented thinker who foreshadowed the dissolution of Peripatetic thought into various loosely connected disciplines. Of special interest are those essays which deal with Theophrastus' intellectual position in relation to the lively philosophic scene occupied by such contemporaries as Zeno, the founder of the Stoa, and Epicurus, the founder of the Garden, as well as Xenocrates and Polemon hi the Academy, and Theophrastus' fellow Peripatetics, Eudemus and Strato.\r\n\r\nThe contributors to the volume are Suzanne Amigues, Antonio Battegazzore, Tiziano Dorandi, Woldemar Gorier, John Glucker, Hans Gottschalk, Frans de Haas, Andre Laks, Anthony Long, Jorgen Mejer, Mario Mignucci, Trevor Saunders, Dirk Schenkeveld, David Sedley, Robert Sharpies, C. M. J. Sicking and Richard Sorabji. The Rutgers University Studies in Classical Humanities series is a forum for seminal thinking in the field of philosophy, and this volume is no exception. Theophrastus is a landmark achievement in intellectual thought. Philosophers, historians, and classicists will all find this work to be enlightening. [author's abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/1SV1t3Xkh1BCyWm","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":1298,"pubplace":"New Brunswick & London","publisher":"Transaction Publishers","series":"Rutgers University Studies in Classical Humanities","volume":"8","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":["Le d\u00e9but d\u2019une physique: Ordre, extension et nature des fragments 142-144 A\/B de Th\u00e9ophraste"]}

Les circonstances de la transmission des fragments de Diogène et la reconstruction de l’argument (Simplicius, Commentaire de la Physique, p. 148,26-153,24), 1983
By: Laks, André
Title Les circonstances de la transmission des fragments de Diogène et la reconstruction de l’argument (Simplicius, Commentaire de la Physique, p. 148,26-153,24)
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 1983
Published in Diogène d’Apollonie: Edition, traduction et commentaire des fragments et témoignages
Pages 37-53
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s)
Translator(s)
The article discusses the circumstances of the transmission of the fragments of Diogenes and the reconstruction of his argument by Simplicius in his Commentary on Physics. It highlights the significance of Simplicius' work in shedding light on the ancient philosopher, and explains how Simplicius came to cite Diogenes verbatim. The article also explores the issue of intermediaries in the texts and the difficulties in their construction. The study is important in understanding the history of philosophy and the transmission of ancient texts. [introduction]

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Les fragments, 2008
By: Laks, André
Title Les fragments
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 2008
Published in
Pages 62-71, 118-125, 132-159, 198-201
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s)
Translator(s)
A commentary of Fragments in Simplicius: Fragment 4 (B2 FK); Fragment 5 (B7 DK); T3 a and b (A7 and 13A4 DK); T4 (A5 DK); T8 (A19 DK); T23a, b, c, and d (A10 and 13A11 DK); T24 (A10  DK) 

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Pour une histoire de l’interprétation de Diogène, 2008
By: Laks, André
Title Pour une histoire de l’interprétation de Diogène
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 2008
Published in
Pages 21-36
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s)
Translator(s)
This text discusses the interpretation of Diogenes of Apollonia, a philosopher whose work is thought to date back to the 5th century BC. While Diogenes is often referred to as "the last of the physicists," there were other contemporaries who could also claim that title. Despite this, Diogenes' ideas on philosophy represented a culmination of previous philosophies, particularly those of Anaxagoras and Socrates. Diogenes criticized Anaxagoras' perspective and introduced the idea that "intellection" is immanent in the air, constructing a new universe based on this premise. The text notes that while Socratic-Platonic critique overshadowed Diogenes' exegesis, his work remains relevant due to its internal critique of Anaxagoras' ideas. [introduction]

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Speculating about Diogenes, 2008
By: Laks, André, Curd, Patricia (Ed.), Graham, Daniel W. (Ed.)
Title Speculating about Diogenes
Type Book Section
Language English
Date 2008
Published in The Oxford Handbook of Presocratic Philosophy
Pages 353-364
Categories no categories
Author(s) Laks, André
Editor(s) Curd, Patricia , Graham, Daniel W.
Translator(s)
Twenty-five years ago, I made an attempt (in my book Diogène d’Apollonie, 1983) to take Diogenes somewhat more seriously than he had usually been taken, at least since Diels’s devastating 1881 article in which he portrayed Diogenes as a second-rate eclectic thinker. Diogenes’ popularity in the last third of the fifth century, which Diels greatly contributed to establishing through an analysis of Diogenian echoes in Aristophanes’ Clouds and was confirmed by the discovery in 1962 of the Derveni Papyrus, went along with Diogenes’ depreciated intellectual status: Are not serious thinkers ignored by the vulgar?

Has this attempt been successful? The fact that some collections and translations of Presocratic philosophers leave him out may or may not be significant: some publishers obviously think the corpus is too bulky. But Diogenes is certainly still lacking general recognition. Histories of archaic philosophy tend to overlook him and often offer little more than an implicit justification for his exclusion, the core of which is encapsulated in the term “eclecticism.” What makes him visible is his absence, rather than any discussion about him. One complaint made by a reviewer of the Cambridge Companion to Early Greek Philosophy was that it nowhere happens even to mention the one achievement Diogenes is credited with, namely his alleged role in the history of teleology, for which he is occasionally praised. It is all the more noteworthy that Graham, in his recent book, has made of Diogenes a landmark in the history of Presocratic philosophy by making him, rather than the older Anaximenes, the real promoter of the doctrine of “material monism.”

I personally tend to think that Diogenes’ contribution, on this point, is rather to have explicitly stated the implications of Anaximenes’ monism, rather than substituting a material monism to an Anaximenean pluralism (Graham’s paradoxical point); but Graham’s book came out after this contribution was submitted and could not be taken into account. I shall consequently restate in a rather perfunctory manner, without adding much to what I have written before, what seem to be two basic points about Diogenes. The first one concerns what I take to be the center of Diogenes’ own thought, namely the relation between his noetics (so I shall call his doctrine of Intelligence) and his teleology; the second is about the reception of Diogenes’ thought and the origin of his reputation as an eclectic. [introduction p. 353-354]

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Diogenes\u2019 popularity in the last third of the fifth century, which Diels greatly contributed to establishing through an analysis of Diogenian echoes in Aristophanes\u2019 Clouds and was confirmed by the discovery in 1962 of the Derveni Papyrus, went along with Diogenes\u2019 depreciated intellectual status: Are not serious thinkers ignored by the vulgar?\r\n\r\nHas this attempt been successful? The fact that some collections and translations of Presocratic philosophers leave him out may or may not be significant: some publishers obviously think the corpus is too bulky. But Diogenes is certainly still lacking general recognition. Histories of archaic philosophy tend to overlook him and often offer little more than an implicit justification for his exclusion, the core of which is encapsulated in the term \u201ceclecticism.\u201d What makes him visible is his absence, rather than any discussion about him. One complaint made by a reviewer of the Cambridge Companion to Early Greek Philosophy was that it nowhere happens even to mention the one achievement Diogenes is credited with, namely his alleged role in the history of teleology, for which he is occasionally praised. It is all the more noteworthy that Graham, in his recent book, has made of Diogenes a landmark in the history of Presocratic philosophy by making him, rather than the older Anaximenes, the real promoter of the doctrine of \u201cmaterial monism.\u201d\r\n\r\nI personally tend to think that Diogenes\u2019 contribution, on this point, is rather to have explicitly stated the implications of Anaximenes\u2019 monism, rather than substituting a material monism to an Anaximenean pluralism (Graham\u2019s paradoxical point); but Graham\u2019s book came out after this contribution was submitted and could not be taken into account. I shall consequently restate in a rather perfunctory manner, without adding much to what I have written before, what seem to be two basic points about Diogenes. The first one concerns what I take to be the center of Diogenes\u2019 own thought, namely the relation between his noetics (so I shall call his doctrine of Intelligence) and his teleology; the second is about the reception of Diogenes\u2019 thought and the origin of his reputation as an eclectic. [introduction p. 353-354]","btype":2,"date":"2008","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/438sP1InUW9fsIE","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":225,"full_name":"Laks, Andr\u00e9","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":58,"full_name":"Curd, Patricia","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":374,"full_name":"Graham, Daniel W.","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1399,"section_of":1400,"pages":"353-364","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":1400,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"en","title":"The Oxford Handbook of Presocratic Philosophy","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Curd2008","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2008","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"The Oxford Handbook of Presocratic Philosophy brings together leading international scholars to study the diverse figures, movements, and approaches that constitute Presocratic philosophy. In the sixth and fifth centuries bc a new kind of thinker appeared in Greek city-states, dedicated to finding the origins of the world and everything in it, using observation and reason rather than tradition and myth. We call these thinkers Presocratic philosophers, and recognize them as the first philosophers of the Western tradition, as well as the originators of scientific thinking. New textual discoveries and new approaches make a reconsideration of the Presocratics at the beginning of the twenty-first century especially timely. More than a survey of scholarship, this study presents new interpretations and evaluations of the Presocratics' accomplishments, from Thales to the sophists, from theology to science, and from pre-philosophical background to their influence on later thinkers. Many positions presented here challenge accepted wisdom and offer alternative accounts of Presocratic theories. This book includes chapters on the Milesians (Thales, Anaximander, Anaximenes), Xenophanes, Heraclitus, Parmenides, Anaxagoras, Empedocles, the Pythagoreans, the atomists, and the sophists. Special studies are devoted to the sources of Presocratic philosophy, oriental influences, Hippocratic medicine, cosmology, explanation, epistemology, theology, and the reception of Presocratic thought in Aristotle and other ancient authors. [author's abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/mXFwMNnXTnju9zT","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":1400,"pubplace":"New York","publisher":"Oxford University Press","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":["Speculating about Diogenes"]}

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