{"_index":"sire","_id":"679","_score":null,"_source":{"id":679,"authors_free":[{"id":1002,"entry_id":679,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":138,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe","free_first_name":"Philippe","free_last_name":"Hoffmann","norm_person":{"id":138,"first_name":"Philippe ","last_name":"Hoffmann","full_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/189361905","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1003,"entry_id":679,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":100,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Goulet- Caz\u00e9, Marie-Odile","free_first_name":"Marie-Odile","free_last_name":"Goulet- Caz\u00e9","norm_person":{"id":100,"first_name":"Marie-Odile ","last_name":"Goulet-Caz\u00e9","full_name":"Goulet-Caz\u00e9, Marie-Odile ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/124602924","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Les cat\u00e9gories aristot\u00e9liciennes \u03a0\u039f\u03a4E et \u03a0\u039f\u03a5 d\u2019apr\u00e8s le commentaire de Simplicius. M\u00e9thode d\u2019ex\u00e9g\u00e8se et aspects doctrinaux","main_title":{"title":"Les cat\u00e9gories aristot\u00e9liciennes \u03a0\u039f\u03a4E et \u03a0\u039f\u03a5 d\u2019apr\u00e8s le commentaire de Simplicius. M\u00e9thode d\u2019ex\u00e9g\u00e8se et aspects doctrinaux"},"abstract":"Simplicius aligns himself fundamentally with Porphyry and Jamblichus, preserving the tradition of responding to Plotinus\u2019s aporias on the Categories. He also reveals trends in the Peripatetic commentaries that Plotinus was reacting to. Simplicius demonstrates the specificity of the categories \u03a0\u039f\u03a4E and \u03a0\u039f\u03a5, using Jamblichus's definition of neo-Platonic skopos, which relies on a unity of meaning to establish the unity of a category corresponding to the unity of a genus. Despite being influenced by Jamblichus, Simplicius ultimately follows a philosophical orientation that aligns him with his master Damascius. [conclusion]","btype":2,"date":"2000","language":"French","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/tGxagcX1ONlDUSI","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":138,"full_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe ","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":100,"full_name":"Goulet-Caz\u00e9, Marie-Odile ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":679,"section_of":269,"pages":"355-376","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":269,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"fr","title":"Le commentaire entre tradition et innovation. Actes du colloque international de l'institute des traditions textuelles, Paris et Villejuif, 22-25 septembre 1999","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Goulet-Caz\u00e92000","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2000","edition_no":null,"free_date":"2000","abstract":"Une bonne partie de la litterature universelle est une litterature de commentaire. Cette constatation s'applique particulierement a la litterature antique et medievale, fortement ancree dans la tradition grace aux institutions scolaires. Situes en fait au croisement de la tradition et de l'innovation, les textes exegetiques s'attachent d'abod a comprendre et a expliquer la pensee des maitres qui font autorite, mais souvent ils essaient aussi de la depasser, si bien que la demarche du commentaire peut aller de l'exegese la plus litterale a l'interpretation la plus allegorisante, de l'explication la plus traditionnelle au commentaire le plus neuf. L'objectif de ce recueil est de cerner sous tous ses aspects, dans toutes ses composantes et toutes ses problematiques, la realite du commentaire depuis sa fabrication materielle jusqu'a l'elabotration de ses contenus speculatifs, dans des aires culturelles multiples: mondes grec, latin, hebraique, arabe indien et a des epoques differentes: hellenistique, Empire romain, Moyen Age et Renaissance. [editors abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/RdY8RrIpT0hwHi3","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":269,"pubplace":"Paris","publisher":"Vrin","series":"Biblioth\u00e8que d\u2019histoire de la philosophie","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[2000]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"711","_score":null,"_source":{"id":711,"authors_free":[{"id":1060,"entry_id":711,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":138,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe","free_first_name":"Philippe","free_last_name":"Hoffmann","norm_person":{"id":138,"first_name":"Philippe ","last_name":"Hoffmann","full_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/189361905","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1061,"entry_id":711,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":195,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Prato, Giancarlo","free_first_name":"Giancarlo","free_last_name":"Prato","norm_person":{"id":195,"first_name":"Giancarlo","last_name":"Prato","full_name":"Prato, Giancarlo","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/143872176","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Biblioth\u00e8ques et formes du livre a la fin de l\u2019antiquit\u00e9. Le t\u00e9moignage de la litt\u00e9rature n\u00e9oplatonicienne des Ve et VIe si\u00e8cles","main_title":{"title":"Biblioth\u00e8ques et formes du livre a la fin de l\u2019antiquit\u00e9. Le t\u00e9moignage de la litt\u00e9rature n\u00e9oplatonicienne des Ve et VIe si\u00e8cles"},"abstract":"Quels sont donc les maigres r\u00e9sultats de notre enqu\u00eate ? On d\u00e9duit d\u2019un cursus d\u2019\u00e9tudes tardo-antique des Ve et VIe si\u00e8cles la n\u00e9cessaire existence de riches biblioth\u00e8ques dont l\u2019histoire ult\u00e9rieure n\u2019est qu\u2019un tissu d\u2019hypoth\u00e8ses ou de questions n\u00e9cessaires, et le chemin est long jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la copie des volumes platoniciens de la Collection philosophique au IXe si\u00e8cle. Les livres utilis\u00e9s, conserv\u00e9s ou r\u00e9alis\u00e9s dans ces milieux n\u00e9oplatoniciens devaient probablement \u2013 pour les \u0153uvres les plus prolixes du moins \u2013 \u00eatre de ces codices de grand format, et aux vastes marges, \u00e9voqu\u00e9s par Monsieur Crisci pour une p\u00e9riode il est vrai post\u00e9rieure de plusieurs d\u00e9cennies.\r\n\r\nOn a pu mettre en relation le chapitre 27 de la Vie de Proclus avec le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre codex de papyrus de Callimaque (P.Oxy. XX 2258), \u00e9crit en majuscule alexandrine. Ce codex, d\u00e9crit en 1959 par Jean Irigoin et en 1971 par sir Eric Turner, est de dimensions stup\u00e9fiantes. Il est dat\u00e9 en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral du VIe ou du VIIe si\u00e8cle, et Turner, apr\u00e8s Edgar Lobel, le situe plut\u00f4t vers 500 ou 600 que vers 700. C\u2019est le meilleur exemple connu, pour cette \u00e9poque, d\u2019un type de mise en pages comportant un texte et son commentaire. (On lui ajoutera \u2013 me sugg\u00e8re Jean Irigoin \u2013 l\u2019exemple des citations marginales de Galien et de Crat\u00e9vas lisibles dans le Dioscoride de Vienne, et qui nous instruisent sur le processus de formation d\u2019une cha\u00eene, un autre exemple post\u00e9rieur \u00e9tant le Venetus A de l\u2019Iliade, Marc. gr. 454).\r\n\r\nLa mise en pages attest\u00e9e dans le Callimaque se retrouvera, peu apr\u00e8s 900, dans le Vat. Urb. gr. 35 (Organon d\u2019Aristote), dont les marges comportent, pour l\u2019Isagog\u00e8 de Porphyre et le d\u00e9but des Cat\u00e9gories, une compilation de la litt\u00e9rature ex\u00e9g\u00e9tique alexandrine et ath\u00e9nienne (on y trouve du Simplicius), enrichie \u00e7\u00e0 et l\u00e0 de nouveaut\u00e9s post\u00e9rieures au VIe si\u00e8cle. Le module de l\u2019\u00e9criture adopt\u00e9 par Ar\u00e9thas pour transcrire les commentaires dans les marges de l\u2019Urb. gr. 35 permet de saisir une pratique de la micrographie, \u00e9galement illustr\u00e9e (et de mani\u00e8re extr\u00eame) dans un autre contexte et \u00e0 une tout autre \u00e9poque, par le codex Mani de Cologne. Plus que le module des commentaires marginaux du Callimaque, les modules infimes du manuscrit d\u2019Aristote comme du codex Mani nous mettent peut-\u00eatre sur la voie du type d\u2019\u00e9criture utilis\u00e9 pour la copie des \u0153uvres immenses d\u2019un Proclus, d\u2019un Damascius ou d\u2019un Simplicius.\r\n\r\nOn peut imaginer que les livres de l\u2019\u00e9cole n\u00e9oplatonicienne prenaient volontiers la forme des codices de grand format d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9voqu\u00e9s, et dont l\u2019usage est attest\u00e9 pour des textes profanes ou classiques. S\u2019ils contenaient un texte des auctoritates, de vastes marges pouvaient accueillir des commentaires de l\u2019\u00e9cole (c\u2019est le cas des commentaires de Proclus sur H\u00e9siode et sur Orph\u00e9e). S\u2019ils contenaient une \u0153uvre ex\u00e9g\u00e9tique \u00ab moderne \u00bb (de Proclus ou de Simplicius), la pratique d\u2019\u00e9critures de petit module ne pouvait-elle permettre de maintenir dans des limites spatiales maniables des textes correspondant \u00e0 des centaines de pages dans les \u00e9ditions modernes ? Mais ce n\u2019est l\u00e0, bien s\u00fbr, qu\u2019une suggestion, ou plut\u00f4t une ultime question. [conclusion p. 630-632]","btype":2,"date":"2000","language":"French","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/csXi7Zihz5LcEep","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":138,"full_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe ","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":195,"full_name":"Prato, Giancarlo","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":711,"section_of":158,"pages":"601-632","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":158,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"it","title":"I manoscritti greci tra riflessione e dibattito. Atti del V Colloquio Internazionale di Paleografia Greca (Cremona, 4-10 ottobre 1998), Tomo 2","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Prato2000","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2000","edition_no":null,"free_date":"2000","abstract":"","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/kvRD4rywoYZSgSs","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":158,"pubplace":"Florence","publisher":"Gonnelli","series":"Papyrologica Florentina","volume":"31","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[2000]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"1288","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1288,"authors_free":[{"id":1877,"entry_id":1288,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":61,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Dalimier, Catherine","free_first_name":"Catherine","free_last_name":"Dalimier","norm_person":{"id":61,"first_name":"Catherine","last_name":"Dalimier","full_name":"Dalimier, Catherine","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2337,"entry_id":1288,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":100,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Goulet- Caz\u00e9, Marie-Odile","free_first_name":"Marie-Odile ","free_last_name":"Goulet-Caz\u00e9","norm_person":{"id":100,"first_name":"Marie-Odile ","last_name":"Goulet-Caz\u00e9","full_name":"Goulet-Caz\u00e9, Marie-Odile ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/124602924","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Les enjeux de la reformulation syllogistique chez les commentateurs grecs du De caelo d\u2019Aristote","main_title":{"title":"Les enjeux de la reformulation syllogistique chez les commentateurs grecs du De caelo d\u2019Aristote"},"abstract":"Cette \u00e9tude vise \u00e0 souligner \u2013 si nous n\u2019en \u00e9tions pas encore persuad\u00e9s \u2013 toute la partialit\u00e9 de commentateurs qui se pr\u00e9sentent pourtant comme les d\u00e9positaires soigneux d\u2019une tradition. Elle s\u2019applique aux pages apparemment les plus neutres du long Commentaire de Simplicius au Trait\u00e9 sur le ciel d\u2019Aristote, qui utilise et discute de nombreux commentaires grecs ant\u00e9rieurs. Il saute aux yeux que certains d\u00e9veloppements pol\u00e9miques de ces commentateurs sont th\u00e9ologiquement motiv\u00e9s, par exemple leurs d\u00e9veloppements sur l\u2019existence du cinqui\u00e8me \u00e9l\u00e9ment et ceux qui concernent l\u2019origine de l\u2019univers ; mais, d\u2019une fa\u00e7on plus radicale, leurs enjeux et leur strat\u00e9gie m\u2019apparaissent au niveau le plus plat de leur discours, dans les pages apparemment impersonnelles o\u00f9 ils reformulent les raisonnements \u00e9labor\u00e9s par Aristote.\r\n\r\nCette reformulation syllogistique (RS), suivant les pr\u00e9ceptes donn\u00e9s dans les ouvrages logiques d\u2019Aristote, fait passer des raisonnements exprim\u00e9s en langage naturel dans un langage et une disposition canoniques qui mettent en valeur les pr\u00e9misses explicites ou implicites et isolent la conclusion ; le tout est articul\u00e9 par des conjonctions et des formules modales qui ne sont pas toujours identiques \u00e0 celles d\u2019Aristote, ni m\u00eame pr\u00e9sentes dans son texte. Dans le Commentaire au Trait\u00e9 sur le ciel, le caract\u00e8re r\u00e9p\u00e9titif, fastidieux m\u00eame de ces reformulations, accentu\u00e9 par la structure en ab\u00eeme de ce trait\u00e9 particulier, la reprise de th\u00e8ses d\u2019un livre \u00e0 l\u2019autre, et la circularit\u00e9 de certains raisonnements, peut tromper le lecteur. Gardons-nous pourtant de n\u2019y voir qu\u2019une d\u00e9monstration scolaire de virtuosit\u00e9 technique. Modifications et ajouts sont beaucoup plus que des effets de variatio \u00e0 valeur didactique : ils nous confirment les pr\u00e9suppos\u00e9s th\u00e9ologiques et \u00e9pist\u00e9miques du commentateur, pr\u00e9suppos\u00e9s particuli\u00e8rement importants, s\u2019agissant de la science difficile \u00e0 classer qu\u2019\u00e9tait l\u2019astronomie dans l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9. [introduction p. 377-378]","btype":2,"date":"2000","language":"French","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/cQxTAlCRsoikXrH","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":61,"full_name":"Dalimier, Catherine","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":100,"full_name":"Goulet-Caz\u00e9, Marie-Odile ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1288,"section_of":269,"pages":"377-386","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":269,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"fr","title":"Le commentaire entre tradition et innovation. Actes du colloque international de l'institute des traditions textuelles, Paris et Villejuif, 22-25 septembre 1999","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Goulet-Caz\u00e92000","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2000","edition_no":null,"free_date":"2000","abstract":"Une bonne partie de la litterature universelle est une litterature de commentaire. Cette constatation s'applique particulierement a la litterature antique et medievale, fortement ancree dans la tradition grace aux institutions scolaires. Situes en fait au croisement de la tradition et de l'innovation, les textes exegetiques s'attachent d'abod a comprendre et a expliquer la pensee des maitres qui font autorite, mais souvent ils essaient aussi de la depasser, si bien que la demarche du commentaire peut aller de l'exegese la plus litterale a l'interpretation la plus allegorisante, de l'explication la plus traditionnelle au commentaire le plus neuf. L'objectif de ce recueil est de cerner sous tous ses aspects, dans toutes ses composantes et toutes ses problematiques, la realite du commentaire depuis sa fabrication materielle jusqu'a l'elabotration de ses contenus speculatifs, dans des aires culturelles multiples: mondes grec, latin, hebraique, arabe indien et a des epoques differentes: hellenistique, Empire romain, Moyen Age et Renaissance. [editors abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/RdY8RrIpT0hwHi3","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":269,"pubplace":"Paris","publisher":"Vrin","series":"Biblioth\u00e8que d\u2019histoire de la philosophie","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":{"id":1288,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Oriens-Occidens","volume":"2","issue":"","pages":"77-94"}},"sort":[2000]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"680","_score":null,"_source":{"id":680,"authors_free":[{"id":1005,"entry_id":680,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":138,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe","free_first_name":"Philippe","free_last_name":"Hoffmann","norm_person":{"id":138,"first_name":"Philippe ","last_name":"Hoffmann","full_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/189361905","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1006,"entry_id":680,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":192,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Diebler, St\u00e9phane","free_first_name":"St\u00e9phane","free_last_name":"Diebler","norm_person":{"id":192,"first_name":"St\u00e9phane ","last_name":" Diebler","full_name":"Diebler, St\u00e9phane","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/135973635","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1007,"entry_id":680,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":194,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Rashed, Marwan","free_first_name":"Marwan","free_last_name":"Rashed","norm_person":{"id":194,"first_name":"Marwan","last_name":"Rashed","full_name":"Rashed, Marwan","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1054568634","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1008,"entry_id":680,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":193,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"B\u00fcttgen, Philippe","free_first_name":"Philippe","free_last_name":"B\u00fcttgen","norm_person":{"id":193,"first_name":"Philippe ","last_name":" B\u00fcttgen","full_name":"B\u00fcttgen, Philippe","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1071071025","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Les analyses de l'\u00e9nonc\u00e9: cat\u00e9gories et parties du discours selon les commentateurs n\u00e9oplatoniciens","main_title":{"title":"Les analyses de l'\u00e9nonc\u00e9: cat\u00e9gories et parties du discours selon les commentateurs n\u00e9oplatoniciens"},"abstract":"Avec les ex\u00e9g\u00e8tes n\u00e9oplatoniciens d\u2019Aristote, \u00e0 la fin de l'Antiquit\u00e9, l'int\u00e9r\u00eat constant port\u00e9 au discours par les philosophes grecs \u2013 depuis les sophistes, Platon, Aristote, les sto\u00efciens \u2013 trouve son point d\u2019ach\u00e8vement, tandis que s\u2019affirme nettement la diff\u00e9rence des deux points de vue \u2013 grammatical et logique \u2013 que l\u2019on peut porter sur l\u2019\u00e9nonc\u00e9. Cet effort de distinction caract\u00e9rise la litt\u00e9rature des commentaires sur l\u2019Organon, qui correspond, on le sait, au d\u00e9but du cours de philosophie n\u00e9oplatonicienne dans l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9 tardive.\r\n\r\nL\u2019\u00e9tude de l\u2019Organon commen\u00e7ait, apr\u00e8s des enseignements prop\u00e9deutiques et une lecture de l\u2019Isagoge de Porphyre, par l\u2019ex\u00e9g\u00e8se du trait\u00e9 des Cat\u00e9gories, que domine une description fine du \"but\", du skopos. Les cat\u00e9gories sont les \u00e9l\u00e9ments constitutifs de l\u2019\u00e9nonc\u00e9 d\u00e9claratif (logos apophantik\u00f3s), seule esp\u00e8ce du logos \u00e0 \u00eatre vraie ou fausse, et qui est lui-m\u00eame la base du syllogisme d\u00e9monstratif, lequel est le point culminant ou la cl\u00e9 de vo\u00fbte de la logique, puisque la d\u00e9monstration est l\u2019instrument de discernement du vrai et du faux dans le domaine de la th\u00e9orie, et du bien et du mal dans le domaine de la pratique. Les cat\u00e9gories sont les termes \u201cqui ne se disent pas en liaison\u201d, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire qui ne sont pas pris dans une syntaxe attributive et qui se contentent encore de \u201csignifier\u201d. La doctrine des cat\u00e9gories est, en son fond, s\u00e9mantique et ressortit \u00e0 la logique. Mais elle refl\u00e8te une division (diairesis) des \u00e9tants en dix classes supr\u00eames, les \u201cgenres g\u00e9n\u00e9ralissimes\u201d.\r\n\r\nLorsqu\u2019il commente le chapitre 2 des Cat\u00e9gories, Simplicius explique que la division en dix cat\u00e9gories s\u2019inscrit elle-m\u00eame dans une s\u00e9quence dyade-t\u00e9trade-d\u00e9cade. Aristote, affirme-t-il, commence avec raison par donner une quadruple division des \u00e9tants, puisque la t\u00e9trade est plus fondamentale que la d\u00e9cade, et que cette quadripartition se ram\u00e8ne elle-m\u00eame \u00e0 une bipartition :\r\n\r\n\"[...] puisque, nous l'avons vu, le but (skopos) porte sur les mots simples et g\u00e9n\u00e9riques, qui signifient les r\u00e9alit\u00e9s simples et g\u00e9n\u00e9riques, avant de les diviser (diairesis) en le plus grand nombre de termes possible \u2013 j'entends par l\u00e0 la division en dix cat\u00e9gories, au-del\u00e0 desquelles on ne pouvait en trouver d\u2019autres \u2013, Aristote a jug\u00e9 bon de commencer par une division minimale, car on ne pouvait rassembler les mots simples en un plus petit nombre de groupes : en effet cette fa\u00e7on de proc\u00e9der \u00e9tait scientifique (epist\u00eamonik\u00f3n) parce que la d\u00e9cade est comprise dans la t\u00e9trade ; en effet en faisant la somme d\u2019un, deux, trois et quatre, nous obtenons le nombre dix ; et la t\u00e9trade, \u00e0 rebours, Aristote l\u2019a rassembl\u00e9e dans la dyade. Les quatre termes dont nous parlons sont : l\u2019essence, l\u2019accident, l\u2019universel et le particulier. Les \u00e9tants en effet se divisent en deux (ta onta diaireitai dikh\u00f4s) [...]\".\r\n\r\nCes deux termes sont l\u2019essence (qui correspond \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re cat\u00e9gorie) et l\u2019accident (sous le chef duquel se regroupent les neuf autres cat\u00e9gories). \u00c0 la fin de l\u2019explication de ce lemme, Simplicius pr\u00e9cise que \u201cla division en quatre termes n\u2019est pas une division au sens propre, mais plut\u00f4t un d\u00e9nombrement (anarithm\u00easis)\u201d.\r\n\r\nL'analyse du logos apophantik\u00f3s conduit donc le philosophe \u00e0 distinguer entre dix \u201cmots simples\u201d, les dix cat\u00e9gories \u00e9num\u00e9r\u00e9es par Aristote, et qui constituent, aux yeux des ex\u00e9g\u00e8tes antiques, une liste exhaustive en droit et close : la substance ou l\u2019essence (ousia, ti esti), la quantit\u00e9 (poson), la qualit\u00e9 (poion), la relation (pros ti), l\u2019agir et le p\u00e2tir (poiein, paschein), le \"quand\u201d et le \u201co\u00f9\u201d (pote, pou), la situation et l\u2019avoir (keisthai, echein).\r\n\r\nCette analyse ne co\u00efncide en rien avec celle des grammairiens qui, \u00e0 la fin de l'Antiquit\u00e9, enseignent de mani\u00e8re fixe la doctrine des huit \u201cparties du discours\u201d (mer\u00ea tou logou), progressivement \u00e9labor\u00e9e comme le fruit de ce qu\u2019ils nomment le merismos (\u201cpartition\u201d). Ces huit \u201cparties du discours\u201d sont, dans l'ordre : le nom, le verbe, le participe, l\u2019article, le pronom, la pr\u00e9position, l'adverbe et la conjonction.\r\n\r\nSoucieux, pour plusieurs raisons, de distinguer leur recherche de l\u2019activit\u00e9 grammaticale, les commentateurs n\u00e9oplatoniciens d\u2019Aristote ont soigneusement distingu\u00e9 entre ces deux modes d'analyse du logos (discours, phrase, proposition, \u00e9nonc\u00e9) : la division des cat\u00e9gories, qui est fond\u00e9e sur la diairesis des \u00e9tants en dix genres \u2013 elle rel\u00e8ve de la logique et participe de l\u2019ontologie \u2013 et la merismos grammaticale des \u00e9l\u00e9ments du langage en huit classes (les huit \u201cparties du discours\u201d).\r\n\r\nLa lecture des Cat\u00e9gories conduisait ces ex\u00e9g\u00e8tes \u00e0 rencontrer certaines difficult\u00e9s. Tout d'abord, il y avait un d\u00e9bat sur la nature m\u00eame des \"cat\u00e9gories\" (sont-elles des mots ? des notions ? des r\u00e9alit\u00e9s ?). Des adversaires sto\u00efciens d\u2019Aristote (Ath\u00e9nodore et Cornutus) contestaient la compl\u00e9tude de la liste, insuffisante selon eux, puisqu\u2019ils voyaient en elle le r\u00e9sultat d\u2019une division des mots. Le d\u00e9bat sur l\u2019origine grammaticale des cat\u00e9gories, ou sur le lien de cette doctrine avec l\u2019objet propre et la discipline de la grammaire, illustr\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque moderne par les travaux d\u2019auteurs aussi diff\u00e9rents que Trendelenburg ou E. Benveniste, \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 un d\u00e9bat antique.\r\n\r\nAutre question. Le d\u00e9but du De interpretatione pr\u00e9sente un expos\u00e9 sur le nom (onoma) et le verbe (rh\u00eama), qui sont \u00e0 la fois des termes logiques (sujet et pr\u00e9dicat) et les deux premi\u00e8res \u201cparties du discours\u201d selon la liste canonique des grammairiens. Comment rendre compte de la rencontre, mais aussi de la diff\u00e9rence, entre le point de vue du philosophe lecteur de l\u2019Organon et le point de vue du grammairien ? Comment expliquer la succession \u2013 dans la perspective de l\u2019\u201cordre de lecture\u201d n\u00e9oplatonicien \u2013 des Cat\u00e9gories et du De interpretatione ?\r\n\r\nLa t\u00e2che de tout commentateur n\u00e9oplatonicien \u00e9tait donc d'expliquer \u00e0 la fois comment distinguer entre l\u2019analyse grammaticale d'une phrase et l\u2019analyse logique d\u2019un \u00e9nonc\u00e9 v\u00e9ridique, et quelle est l\u2019articulation de la doctrine des Cat\u00e9gories et de la doctrine du De interpretatione.\r\n\r\nIl faut pour cela rappeler quels \u00e9taient les \u201cbuts\u201d assign\u00e9s par les ex\u00e9g\u00e8tes \u00e0 ces deux trait\u00e9s, qui \u00e9taient lus l\u2019un \u00e0 la suite de l\u2019autre dans \u201cl\u2019ordre de lecture\u201d des \u0153uvres d\u2019Aristote tel qu\u2019il \u00e9tait pratiqu\u00e9 \u00e0 la fin de l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9. [introduction p. 209-212]","btype":2,"date":"1999","language":"French","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/bzuFZeua3rVa1TS","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":138,"full_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe ","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":192,"full_name":"Diebler, St\u00e9phane","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":194,"full_name":"Rashed, Marwan","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":193,"full_name":"B\u00fcttgen, Philippe","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":680,"section_of":363,"pages":"209-248","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":363,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"fr","title":"Th\u00e9ories de la phrase et de la proposition, de Platon \u00e0 Averro\u00e8s","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Diebler1999","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1999","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1999","abstract":"Les th\u00e9ories de la phrase et de la proposition de l'Antiquit\u00e9 au Moyen \u00c2ge n'avaient jusqu'\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent jamais fait l'objet d'une \u00e9tude d'ensemble. On trouvera dans cet ouvrage, outre de nombreux travaux substantiels sur Platon et Aristote, des contributions novatrices sur la tradition sto\u00efcienne, ainsi que sur les aristot\u00e9lismes grec, syriaque, arabe et latin. [official abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/Ui6DfE48AHsbm24","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":363,"pubplace":"Paris","publisher":"Presses de l\u2019\u00c9cole normale sup\u00e9rieure","series":"\u00c9tudes de litt\u00e9rature ancienne","volume":"10","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1999]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"551","_score":null,"_source":{"id":551,"authors_free":[{"id":775,"entry_id":551,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":77,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Fazzo, Silvia","free_first_name":"Silvia","free_last_name":"Fazzo","norm_person":{"id":77,"first_name":"Silvia","last_name":"Fazzo","full_name":"Fazzo, Silvia","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2098,"entry_id":551,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":78,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Blackwell, Constance","free_first_name":"Constance","free_last_name":"Blackwell","norm_person":{"id":78,"first_name":"Constance","last_name":"Blackwell","full_name":"Blackwell, Constance","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2099,"entry_id":551,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":79,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Kusukawa, Sachiko","free_first_name":"Sachiko","free_last_name":"Kusukawa","norm_person":{"id":79,"first_name":"Sachiko","last_name":"Kusukawa","full_name":"Kusukawa, Sachiko","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1158263708","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Philology and philosophy in the margins of early printed editions of the ancient Greek commentators on Aristotle, with special reference to copies held in the Biblioteca Nazionale Braidense, Milan","main_title":{"title":"Philology and philosophy in the margins of early printed editions of the ancient Greek commentators on Aristotle, with special reference to copies held in the Biblioteca Nazionale Braidense, Milan"},"abstract":"My aim in this paper is to discuss some examples of the problems Renaissance \r\nscholars encountered in this regard [i.e. he great advantage of having Greek texts available in print]. In this first section, I will be concerned with \r\na few sixteenth-century scholars and the close attention which they paid to the \r\nfirst Greek printed edition of the Quaestiones of Alexander of Aphrodisias. [p. 49]","btype":2,"date":"1999","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/tTVeJQfmUSW2VyM","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":77,"full_name":"Fazzo, Silvia","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":78,"full_name":"Blackwell, Constance","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":79,"full_name":"Kusukawa, Sachiko","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":551,"section_of":261,"pages":"48-75","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":261,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"en","title":"Philosophy in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Conversations with Aristotle","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Blackwell\/Kusukawa1999","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1999","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1999","abstract":"This volume offers an important re-evaluation of early modern philosophy. It takes issue with the received notion of a \u2019revolution\u2019 in philosophical thought in the 17th-century, making the case for treating the 16th and 17th centuries together. Taking up Charles Schmitt\u2019s formulation of the many \u2019Aristotelianisms\u2019 of the period, the papers bring out the variety and richness of the approaches to Aristotle, rather than treating his as a homogeneous system of thought. Based on much new research, they provide case studies of how philosophers used, developed, and reacted to the framework of Aristotelian logic, categories and distinctions, and demonstrate that Aristotelianism possessed both the flexibility and the dynamism to exert a continuing impact - even among such noted \u2019anti-Aristotelians\u2019 as Descartes and Hobbes. This constant engagement can indeed be termed \u2019conversations with Aristotle\u2019.","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/In5fPTWQezWnPei","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":261,"pubplace":"Aldershot \u2013 Hants, U.K. \u2013 Brookfield, Vt.","publisher":"Ashgate","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1999]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"1519","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1519,"authors_free":[{"id":2635,"entry_id":1519,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":164,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Erler, Michael","free_first_name":"Michael","free_last_name":"Erler","norm_person":{"id":164,"first_name":"Michael ","last_name":"Erler","full_name":"Erler, Michael ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/122153847","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2636,"entry_id":1519,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":339,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Fuhrer, Therese","free_first_name":"Therese","free_last_name":"Fuhrer","norm_person":{"id":339,"first_name":"Therese","last_name":"Fuhrer","full_name":"Fuhrer, Therese","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/117693804","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2637,"entry_id":1519,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":164,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Erler, Michael","free_first_name":"Michael","free_last_name":"Erler","norm_person":{"id":164,"first_name":"Michael ","last_name":"Erler","full_name":"Erler, Michael ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/122153847","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Hellenistische Philosophie als 'praeparatio Platonica' in der Sp\u00e4tantike (am Beispiel von Boethius' 'consolatio philosophiae')","main_title":{"title":"Hellenistische Philosophie als 'praeparatio Platonica' in der Sp\u00e4tantike (am Beispiel von Boethius' 'consolatio philosophiae')"},"abstract":" Rainer Thiel (Stoische Ethik und neuplatonische Tugendlehre. Zur Verortung der stoischen Ethik im neuplatonischen System in Simplikios\u2019 Kommentar zu Epiktets Enchiridion, 93-103) analysiert pr\u00e4zise, wie Simplikios in seinem Kommentar zu Epiktets Encheiridion den Wert der stoischen Ethik bestimmt: die Befolgung des dort Gesagten sei Voraussetzung f\u00fcr den eigentlichen philosophischen Aufstieg. Auch hier erscheint hellenistische Philosophie also als prop\u00e4deutische Vorstufe, wobei Simplikios - wie Thiel zu Recht hervorhebt - freilich immer auch die Differenzen zwischen Epiktet und neuplatonischen Auffassungen benennt, was er zu seiner Zeit bereits in einer zur\u00fcckhaltenden, unpolemischen Form tun kann. Von einer anderen Seite her kommt Michael Erler (Philosophie als Therapie \u2014 Hellenistische Philosophie als praeparatio philosophica im Platonismus der Sp\u00e4tantike, 105-22) - auch gest\u00fctzt auf die Forschungen des Ehepaars Hadot - f\u00fcr Simplikios' Kommentar zu demselben Ergebnis (115: \"eine gleichsam verschriftlichte Form schulm\u00e4\u00dfiger Vorbereitung auf das platonische Philosophiestudium\") und gewinnt hieraus f\u00fcr Boethius' Consolatio Philosophiae eine \u00fcberzeugende Erkl\u00e4rung f\u00fcr das Ph\u00e4nomen, da\u00df stoisches Gedankengut in den ersten drei B\u00fcchern eine deutliche Rolle spielt, um danach in den Hintergrund zu treten. Indem Erler Boethius' Schrift in den Kontext platonischer Schulpraxis des allm\u00e4hlichen Aufsteigens zur Erkenntnis r\u00fcckt, vermag er verst\u00e4ndlich zu machen, was der rein literarische Vergleich mit anderer Konsolationsliteratur nicht zu erkl\u00e4ren vermochte. In der ersten Werkh\u00e4lfte geht es darum, den noch ganz im irdischen Leben gefangenen Boethius erst einmal innerweltlich auf die richtige Bahn zu bringen, vor allem, seine Vorstellungen zu reinigen, und hierbei kann auch auf die hellenistische Philosophie zur\u00fcckgegriffen werden, insoweit sie als Vorbereitung auf die im platonischen Sinne eigentliche Philosophie dienen kann, weswegen Erler diese Funktion als \"praeparatio platonica\" bezeichnet. Neben dieser Aneignung hellenistischen philosophischen Gutes als prop\u00e4deutischer Vor\u00fcbung gibt es aber naturgem\u00e4\u00df auch Felder, in denen eine Abgrenzung unvermeidlich ist.","btype":2,"date":"1999","language":"German","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/NeFv0yyCaNc0UCn","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":164,"full_name":"Erler, Michael ","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":339,"full_name":"Fuhrer, Therese","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":164,"full_name":"Erler, Michael ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1519,"section_of":324,"pages":"105-122","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":324,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"no language selected","title":"Zur Rezeption der hellenistischen Philosophie in der Sp\u00e4tantike. Akten der 1. Tagung der Karl-und-Gertrud-Abel-Stiftung vom 22.-25. September 1997 in Trier","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Fuhrer\/Erler1999","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1999","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1999","abstract":"Review by T. Runia: As a generalization it is often remarked that the poor state of our knowledge of Hellenistic philosophy, based almost exclusively on reports and fragments, is due to the decline of interest in this philosophy during the period of late antiquity. After the schools had closed down by the beginning of the 3rd century C.E., Peripatetic, Stoic, and Epicurean writings ceased to circulate widely, and in the end disappeared completely. Of course the end result of this process cannot be disputed. These writings have simply disappeared and, short of a miracle, they will not resurface.\r\n\r\nBut the process certainly took longer and was less radical in its earlier stages than is often thought. Late ancient philosophers and theologians in many cases still had a considerable knowledge of Hellenistic philosophy and used that knowledge to good effect in their own writings.\r\n\r\nThe theme of the reception of Hellenistic philosophy in late antiquity is the subject of the book under review, which contains fifteen studies originally presented at a conference in Trier in 1997. The studies are in German, with two exceptions, a paper in Italian and one in English. They have been prepared by a group of young scholars, mainly in their 30's and 40's, who in most cases have taken up positions in German and Swiss universities during the past decade or so.\r\n\r\nReviewing the various studies, one cannot but help noticing a marked similarity of method. The subjects treated are on the whole fairly limited in scope, and often concentrate on a particular author and a particular text. The detailed treatment is usually prefaced by an introductory section, which places the subject in a wider context, for example by tracing its development from the end of the Hellenistic period to the time of the author being discussed.These introductory sections can sometimes be very entertaining and informative (as in the case of the article of Christoph Riedweg, who points out remarkable correspondences between the period of late antiquity and our own time), but can also be too much simply a catalogue of authors and texts (as in the case of the survey of Epicureanism from Hadrian to Lactantius in the article by Jochem Althoff). The end result is that we have fifteen small but well-featured islands standing out in the broader sea of the book's subject.\r\n\r\nThe brief introduction competently but very succinctly outlines three connecting themes:\r\n\r\n The role of the Stoa and Epicureanism in Platonist philosophy.\r\n Scepticism, Stoicism, and Epicureanism in Christian literature.\r\n Doctrines of the Hellenistic philosophical schools as general cultural knowledge (Bildungsgut).\r\n\r\nBut no real attempt is made to cover the subject in more general terms. This is increasingly the method of such selective conference volumes. In spite of the general title, it is primarily a book for specialists.\r\n\r\nThe fifteen papers can be more or less divided into the three thematic categories noted above. Four concentrate on Hellenistic themes in later Platonism: Dominic O'Meara on Epicurus Neoplatonicus, Rainer Thiel and Michael Erler on the preparatory role of Hellenistic (and especially Stoic) ethics, Jan Opsomer and Carlos Steel on Proclus' doctrine of the origin of evil and its Hellenistic antecedents. Christoph Riedweg, by investigating Julian's use of Stoic and Platonic argumentation in his anti-Christian polemic, bridges the gap with the eight contributions which concentrate on Patristic authors.\r\n\r\nThe intellectual dominance of Augustine is illustrated by the fact that no less than five contributions concentrate on his writings: Maria Bettetini on the background to De musica (very little Hellenistic philosophy here), Karin Schlapbach on Ciceronian and Neoplatonist elements in the proarmia of Contra Academicos I & II, Sabine Harwardt on Stoic argumentation in De beata vita, Christoph Horn on Augustine's moral philosophy in relation to Greek virtue ethics, Therese Fuhrer on the Hellenistic epistemological background of Augustine's concept of faith.\r\n\r\nThe other three specifically Patristic contributions are on Amobius (philosophical themes in his apologetic argumentation, by Sabine Follinger), Lactantius (his use of Epicurus, by Jochem Althoff), and Prudentius (virtue against vice in the Psychomachia, by Carolin Oser-Grote).\r\n\r\nThe volume ends with two more general treatments. Karla Pollman attempts to trace two differing conceptions of fictionality\u2014the Platonic mimesis-model focused on the author and the Stoic signification-model focused more on the reader\u2014from Hellenistic philosophy to their adaptation in late ancient texts. Ulrich Eigler, in an ambitious and stimulating contribution, investigates the cultural context of the kind of amateur use of philosophy that we find, for example, in Jerome's writings. Of these fifteen articles, three stand out on account of the lucidity of their treatment and the importance of their subject. Christoph Horn's method is perhaps somewhat unusual, in that he focuses his treatment of Augustine's virtue ethics almost entirely on a point-by-point rebuttal of the position of the Swedish scholar of a previous generation, Gosta Hok, whom he accuses of interpreting Augustine in such a way as to make him a fideistic opponent of ancient rationalism. In actual fact, Augustine unreservedly takes over the basic theses of ancient ethical rationalism, but in his later years reserves it for followers of the \"true religion,\" without coming to a real discussion with its original Neoplatonist proponents.\r\n\r\nMany of Horn's points are well taken, but one wonders whether in this interpretation the gulf between Augustine's professed method of selective spoliatio and his actual practice of largely uncritical appropriation (as proposed by Horn) does not become too great. What Augustine objects to in ancient rationalism is its intellectual arrogance, the refusal to submit to the yoke of faith. This position seems to me to have revisionary aspirations. The struggle between \"catholic\" and \"protestant\" readings of Augustine is likely to continue.\r\n\r\nIn her paper on the epistemological background to Augustine's conception of faith, Therese Fuhrer argues that it is to be found in the Stoic theory in which assent (adsensio, \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2) precedes both knowledge (scientia, \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7, based on comprehensio, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b9\u03c2) and belief (opinio, \u03b4\u03cc\u03be\u03b1). A priori, this seems not so likely, since the role assigned to volition in the two conceptions is quite different. Nevertheless, Fuhrer manages to show that both in terms of structure and terminology this background does have illuminating features.\r\n\r\nA difficulty remains that no texts indicating an explicit relation between the act of faith and epistemological assent can be found until two passages in very late writings. This article illustrates how difficult it is to pin Augustine down in relation to specific philosophical theories. It is his powerful transforming drive that makes his views so distinctive and so hard to categorize in \"doxographical\" terms.\r\n\r\nThe article of Jan Opsomer and Carlos Steel is recommended reading for anyone interested in how ancient philosophers working within the tradition of classical ontology wrestled with the problem of evil. Not only does it give an excellent overview of the dilemmas involved and the solutions attempted, but it also draws on the new translation of Proclus' De malorum substantia, which the authors are preparing.\r\n\r\nThey show how Proclus tries to find a way out of the classical dilemma in which one either has to detract from providence or not take evil seriously enough as a real aspect of the world. Proclus' solution is intriguing but very risky. Any attribution of evil to the first cause is unacceptable, but in the light of Neoplatonist ontological monism this means that one has to understand evil as an (ultimately) uncaused event.\r\n\r\nNot only is this very awkward in light of the Platonic principle nihil fit sine causa, which Proclus fully endorses, but it also seems to reduce evil to a kind of accidental epiphenomenon. Opsomer and Steel argue that Proclus may have found a third way between the Stoa and the Peripatos (which reserves providence for the divine realm only), but at a considerable cost. They tentatively conclude that the Stoa continues to hold the last word in this debate, and that theodicy may well be the worst legacy that this school has left to subsequent philosophy. This is perhaps a somewhat disappointing result, but no better illustration could be given of the importance of studying Hellenistic philosophy as a background for late ancient and patristic philosophy.\r\n\r\nIn furthering this study, the book under review makes a valuable contribution. The volume also shows, as the product of predominantly young scholars, that the future of scholarship in the area of later ancient and Patristic philosophy is in good hands.","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/Wi5qXtXGHesjYwT","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":324,"pubplace":"Stuttgart","publisher":"Franz Steiner Verlag","series":"Philosophie der Antike","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1999]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"685","_score":null,"_source":{"id":685,"authors_free":[{"id":1016,"entry_id":685,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":138,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe","free_first_name":"Philippe","free_last_name":"Hoffmann","norm_person":{"id":138,"first_name":"Philippe ","last_name":"Hoffmann","full_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/189361905","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1017,"entry_id":685,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":188,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Dubois, Jean-Daniel","free_first_name":"Jean-Daniel","free_last_name":"Dubois","norm_person":{"id":188,"first_name":"Jean-Daniel ","last_name":"Dubois","full_name":"Dubois, Jean-Daniel ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/104137304X","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1018,"entry_id":685,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":189,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Roussel, Bernard","free_first_name":"Bernard","free_last_name":"Roussel","norm_person":{"id":189,"first_name":"Bernard ","last_name":"Roussel","full_name":"Roussel, Bernard ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1032386932","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"La fonction des prologues ex\u00e9g\u00e9tiques dans la pens\u00e9e p\u00e9dagogique n\u00e9oplatonicienne","main_title":{"title":"La fonction des prologues ex\u00e9g\u00e9tiques dans la pens\u00e9e p\u00e9dagogique n\u00e9oplatonicienne"},"abstract":"La philosophie n\u00e9oplatonicienne a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 une doctrine de la relation p\u00e9dagogique entre le Ma\u00eetre (image visible du Bien) et les \u00e9tudiants (\u00e2mes imparfaites), qui se fonde sur la d\u00e9finition m\u00eame de la philosophie comme \u00ab assimilation \u00e0 Dieu \u00bb, et qui inscrit dans une perspective anagogique la pratique de l'ex\u00e9g\u00e8se et de l'enseignement. Dans un tel cadre, la question du \u00ab prologue \u00bb s*entend en trois sens 1) la repr\u00e9sentation de la philosophie comme unit\u00e9 organique assigne \u00e0 la logique aristot\u00e9licienne un statut de \u00ab commencement \u00bb, \u00e0 titre de \u00ab partie instrumentale \u00bb ; et le trait\u00e9 des Cat\u00e9gories est, \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur de cette \u00ab partie instrumentale \u00bb, et au d\u00e9but du cursus n\u00e9oplatonicien des \u00e9tudes, le \u00ab pro\u00e8me \u00bb del\u00e0 logique et de la philosophie tout enti\u00e8re ; 2) il existe d'autre part un v\u00e9ritable \u00ab genre litt\u00e9raire \u00bb des introductions ex\u00e9g\u00e9tiques, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par des sch\u00e9mas scolastiques de questions pr\u00e9alables ; et l'organisation du cursus commence par l'embo\u00eetement de plusieurs introductions : \u00e0 la philosophie en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, \u00e0 la philosophie d'Aristote, \u00e0 la philosophie de Platon, \u00e0 chaque \u0153uvre particuli\u00e8re de Porphyre (Isagog\u00e8), d'Aristote et de Platon ; 3) enfin, dans le cadre de l'explication de chaque \u0153uvre singuli\u00e8re, les prologues ex\u00e9g\u00e9tiques (et les commentaires eux-m\u00eames) peuvent comporter une description ou une l\u00e9gitimation du prologue de l'\u0153uvre comment\u00e9e : c'est le cas pour le trait\u00e9 aristot\u00e9licien des Cat\u00e9gories. L'application de crit\u00e8res rh\u00e9toriques d'origine platonicienne conduit \u00e0 s'interroger sur la fonction et la liaison organique de ce prologue de l'\u0153uvre comment\u00e9e avec l'\u0153uvre elle-m\u00eame envisag\u00e9e comme totalit\u00e9 organique. [Author's abstract]","btype":2,"date":"1998","language":"French","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/qogll7IhtIDqqda","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":138,"full_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe ","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":188,"full_name":"Dubois, Jean-Daniel ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":189,"full_name":"Roussel, Bernard ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":685,"section_of":371,"pages":"209-245","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":371,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"fr","title":"Entrer en mati\u00e8re. Les prologues","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Dubois1998","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1998","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1998","abstract":"Vingt-huit auteurs ont \u00e9tudi\u00e9 les pages introductives d'oeuvres philosophiques et th\u00e9ologiques de l'Antiquit\u00e9 et du Moyen Age, de Bibles et de commentaires, manuscrits et imprim\u00e9s, r\u00e9dig\u00e9s par des juifs et des chr\u00e9tiens jusqu'au XVIIe si\u00e8cle. Ils montrent comment ces pages d\u00e9finissent des \"orientations herm\u00e9neutiques\", des \"protocoles de lecture\" ou encore tissent des liens avec les lecteurs. [author's abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/GzDhLGjpBoVziqc","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":371,"pubplace":"Paris","publisher":"Centre d\u2019\u00c9tudes des Religions du Livre, Cerf","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1998]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"1038","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1038,"authors_free":[{"id":1573,"entry_id":1038,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":397,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Schenkeveld, Dirk M.","free_first_name":"Dirk M.","free_last_name":"Schenkeveld","norm_person":{"id":397,"first_name":"Dirk M.","last_name":"Schenkeveld","full_name":"Schenkeveld, Dirk M.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/119331691","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1574,"entry_id":1038,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":87,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Van Ophuijsen, Johannes M.","free_first_name":"Johannes M.","free_last_name":"Van Ophuijsen","norm_person":{"id":87,"first_name":"Johannes M. ","last_name":"van Ophuijsen","full_name":"van Ophuijsen, Johannes M. ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/120962365","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Theophrastus' Rhetorical Works: One Rhetorical Fragment the Less, One Logical Fragment the More","main_title":{"title":"Theophrastus' Rhetorical Works: One Rhetorical Fragment the Less, One Logical Fragment the More"},"abstract":"In the list of Theophrastus\u2019 works on rhetoric and poetics as given in \r\nthe new collection under 666 FHS&G one finds twenty-four items, \r\nsome of them (2 and 17) subdivided into (a) and (b). Most of these titles \r\ncome from the list of Theophrastus\u2019 works in Diogenes Laertius 5.42- \r\n50. In all but five cases (2, 6,17, 22 and 23, the last two on comedy and \r\non the ludicrous respectively), Diogenes is our only source for them. \r\nThe responsible editor, W. W. Fortenbaugh, also refers to several titles \r\nof works which other scholars had placed in the group of rhetorical trea\u00ad\r\ntises, but his classification is different. This variation is explained by the \r\nfact that Diogenes\u2019 list does not give any indication of the type of work \r\nto which any title belongs, which leaves scholars free to devise their \r\nown arrangement.In what follows I will discuss the place or the wording of a few titles, \r\nand especially that of 17b, thereby focusing on the nature and contents \r\nof 683 FHS&G. The editors have declined to arrange the fragments ac\u00ad\r\ncording to known works (cp. vol. I, pp. 7-8). Nevertheless, I will argue, \r\neven by their arrangement of the titles they sometimes suggest too \r\nmuch, or too little. [Introduction, p. 67]","btype":2,"date":"1998","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/kt2zxAT8hYImXQS","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":397,"full_name":"Schenkeveld, Dirk M.","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":87,"full_name":"van Ophuijsen, Johannes M. ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1038,"section_of":1298,"pages":"67-80","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":1298,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"no language selected","title":"Theophrastus: Reappraising the Sources","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Ophuijsen_Raalte1997","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1997","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"Theophrastus was Aristotle's pupil and second head of the Peripatetic School. Apart from two botanical works, a collection of character sketches, and several scientific opuscula, his works survive only through quotations and reports in secondary sources. Recently these quotations and reports have been collected and published, thereby making the thought of Theophrastus accessible to a wide audience. The present volume contains seventeen responses to this material.\r\n\r\nThere are chapters dealing with Theophrastus' views on logic, physics, biology, ethics, politics, rhetoric, and music, as well as the life of Theophrastus. Together these writings throw considerable light on fundamental questions concerning the development and importance of the Peripatos in the early Hellenistic period. The authors consider whether Theophrastus was a systematic thinker who imposed coherence and consistency on a growing body of knowledge, or a problem-oriented thinker who foreshadowed the dissolution of Peripatetic thought into various loosely connected disciplines. Of special interest are those essays which deal with Theophrastus' intellectual position in relation to the lively philosophic scene occupied by such contemporaries as Zeno, the founder of the Stoa, and Epicurus, the founder of the Garden, as well as Xenocrates and Polemon hi the Academy, and Theophrastus' fellow Peripatetics, Eudemus and Strato.\r\n\r\nThe contributors to the volume are Suzanne Amigues, Antonio Battegazzore, Tiziano Dorandi, Woldemar Gorier, John Glucker, Hans Gottschalk, Frans de Haas, Andre Laks, Anthony Long, Jorgen Mejer, Mario Mignucci, Trevor Saunders, Dirk Schenkeveld, David Sedley, Robert Sharpies, C. M. J. Sicking and Richard Sorabji. The Rutgers University Studies in Classical Humanities series is a forum for seminal thinking in the field of philosophy, and this volume is no exception. Theophrastus is a landmark achievement in intellectual thought. Philosophers, historians, and classicists will all find this work to be enlightening. [author's abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/1SV1t3Xkh1BCyWm","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":1298,"pubplace":"New Brunswick & London","publisher":"Transaction Publishers","series":"Rutgers University Studies in Classical Humanities","volume":"8","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1998]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"910","_score":null,"_source":{"id":910,"authors_free":[{"id":1340,"entry_id":910,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":58,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Curd, Patricia","free_first_name":"Patricia","free_last_name":"Curd","norm_person":{"id":58,"first_name":"Patricia","last_name":"Curd","full_name":"Curd, Patricia","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/13843980X","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Pluralism after Parmenides","main_title":{"title":"Pluralism after Parmenides"},"abstract":"In this chapter I turn from Parmenides to two of his successors, examining the Pluralist theories of Anaxagoras and Empedocles, in order to explore the \r\ninfluence of Parmenides on these later thinkers. I argue that this influence \r\nappears in two fundamental aspects of their theories: in their conceptions of \r\nthe fundamental entities that are the genuine beings of their cosmologies, and \r\nin the form (mixture and Separation of the basic entities) these cosmologies \r\ntake. I begin with a short discussion of the question of Pluralism itself and \r\nthen turn first to Anaxagoras and then to Empedocles. [Introduction, pp. 127 f.]","btype":2,"date":"1998","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/rPBPoCGoPofFCOl","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":58,"full_name":"Curd, Patricia","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":910,"section_of":1284,"pages":"127-179","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":1284,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":1,"language":"en","title":"The Legacy of Parmenides. Eleatic Monism and Later Presocratic Thought ","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Curd1998","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1998","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"Parmenides of Elea was the most important and influential philosopher before Plato. Patricia Curd here reinterprets Parmenides' views and offers a new account of his relation to his predecessors and successors. On the traditional interpretation, Parmenides argues that generation, destruction, and change are unreal and that only one thing exists. He therefore rejected as impossible the scientific inquiry practiced by the earlier Presocratic philosophers. But the philosophers who came after Parmenides attempted to explain natural change and they assumed the reality of a plurality of basic entities. Thus, on the traditional interpretation, the later Presocratics either ignored or contradicted his arguments. In this book, Patricia Curd argues that Parmenides sought to reform rather than to reject scientific inquiry and offers a more coherent account of his influence on the philosophers who came after him.\r\n\r\nThe Legacy of Parmenides provides a detailed examination of Parmenides' arguments, considering his connection to earlier Greek thought and how his account of what-is could serve as a model for later philosophers. It then considers the theories of those who came after him, including the Pluralists (Anaxagoras and Empedocles), the Atomists (Leucippus and Democritus), the later Eleatics (Zeno and Melissus), and the later Presocratics Philolaus of Croton and Diogenes of Apollonia. The book closes with a discussion of the importance of Parmenides' views for the development of Plato's Theory of Forms. [author's abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/ySFJ6JlG0mDNxxJ","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":1284,"pubplace":"Princeton","publisher":"Princeton University Press","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1998]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"1177","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1177,"authors_free":[{"id":1751,"entry_id":1177,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":132,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Gaskin, Richard ","free_first_name":"Richard ","free_last_name":"Gaskin","norm_person":{"id":132,"first_name":"Richard ","last_name":"Gaskin","full_name":"Gaskin, Richard ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1049853571","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2358,"entry_id":1177,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":133,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Sorabji, Richard","free_first_name":"Richard","free_last_name":"Sorabji","norm_person":{"id":133,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Sorabji","full_name":"Sorabji, Richard","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/130064165","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"The Stoics on cases, predicates, and the unity of the proposition","main_title":{"title":"The Stoics on cases, predicates, and the unity of the proposition"},"abstract":"As far as traditional classifications go, the Stoics count as materialists. But it is notorious that there were four things in their world-view which do not fit this caracterization: time, place, the void and the so-called \u2018sayables', or lekta (SE AM 10.218 = FDS 720). Lekta consist of three main kinds of quasi-linguistic item: centrally, simple propositions (as well as certain non-assertoric, but grammatically autonomous, items) are \u2018complete\u2019 lekta (DL 7 .6-8 = FDS 696, 874; SE AM 8.70-74). From these propositions, more complex \u2018complete\u2019 lekta maybe constructed, such as conditionals (DL 7.71) or syllogisms (DL 7.63). And within the structure of complete lekta, \u2018incomplete\u2019 lekta, such as predicates, maybe discerned. I call lekta quasi-linguistic, rather than linguistic, because, as we learn from an important passage in Sextus (AM 8.11-13 = FDS 67), the Stoics distinguished lekta both from language and from physical objects in the world. Hence linguistic items such as the verb (rh\u00eama) \u2018writes\u2019 and the complete sentence (logos) \u2018Socrates writes\u2019 should be kept rigorously apart from their corresponding lekta - the predicate (katigorema) writes and the complete proposition (axidma) Socrates writes - which the linguistic expressions signify (semainein: SE AM 8.11 - 12, DL 7.56, 58, 65). \r\nIn this paper I shall examine the Stoic treatment of the main constituents of the complete lekton: cases and predicates. I shall argue that cases are, like predicates, (incomplete) lekta, and that the verbal noun played a central role in Stoic thinking about lekta. In the light of these reflections, I shall conclude with some speculative remarks on the unity of the proposition. [Introduction, p. 91]","btype":2,"date":"1997","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/tocHWc6xfMEeg9C","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":132,"full_name":"Gaskin, Richard ","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":133,"full_name":"Sorabji, Richard","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1177,"section_of":199,"pages":"91-107","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":199,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"en","title":"Aristotle and after","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Sorabji1997a","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1997","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1997","abstract":"A selection of papers given at the Institute of Classical Studies during 1996. They cover a variety of new work on the 900 years of philosophy from Aristotle to Simplicius. There is a strong concentration on stoicism with papers by: Michael Frede ( Euphrates of Tyre ); A. A. Long ( Property ownership and community ); Brad Inwood ( 'Why do fools fallin love?' ); Susanne Bobzein ( freedom and ethics ); Richard Gaskin ( cases, predicates and the unity of the proposition ); Richard Sorabji ( stoic philosophy and psychotherapy ); Bernard Williams ( reply to Richard Sorabji ). The other papers are by: Heinrich von Staden ( Galen and the 'Second Sophistic' ); Hans B. Gottschalk ( continuity and change in Aristotelianism ); Travis Butler ( the homonymy of signification in Aristotle ); Andrea Falcon ( Aristotle's theory of division ); Sylvia Berryman (Horror Vacui in the third century BC ); M. B. Trapp ( On the Tablet of Cebes ); Marwan Rashed ( a 'new' text of Alexander on the soul's motion ). [authors abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/x8uyail9ZCl9wfr","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":199,"pubplace":"University of London","publisher":"Institute of Classical Studies, School of Advanced Study","series":"BICS (Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies) Supplement","volume":"68","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1997]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"1061","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1061,"authors_free":[{"id":1610,"entry_id":1061,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":194,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Rashed, Marwan","free_first_name":"Marwan","free_last_name":"Rashed","norm_person":{"id":194,"first_name":"Marwan","last_name":"Rashed","full_name":"Rashed, Marwan","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1054568634","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1611,"entry_id":1061,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":133,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Sorabji, Richard","free_first_name":"Richard","free_last_name":"Sorabji","norm_person":{"id":133,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Sorabji","full_name":"Sorabji, Richard","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/130064165","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"A \u201cNew\u201d Text of Alexander on the Soul\u2019s Motion","main_title":{"title":"A \u201cNew\u201d Text of Alexander on the Soul\u2019s Motion"},"abstract":"A last argument: when Alexander describes the doctrine through which Aristotle hoped to escape from Atticus\u2019 criticisms, he writes, apropos the intellect: \"and it is separated out (ekkrinetai) in the same way as it is introduced (eiskrinetai)\". Thus, the only two occurrences in Alexander of the verb eiskrinesthai are deeply connected with Atticus\u2019 theory, either directly or through Aristotle\u2019s reply. It seems, therefore, very probable that Alexander himself was aware of the significance of this technical term, and that he mentioned it twice.\r\n\r\nTo conclude, then, the historical evolution of the polemics may be summarised as follows:\r\n\r\n The \u2018Aristotelian\u2019 claim of the intellect from without.\r\n Atticus attacks the intellect from without because of its inability to move.\r\n Aristoteles of Mytilene (as reported by Alexander in C1) defends the intellect from without by claiming its ubiquity.\r\n Alexander (De intell., C2) criticises Aristoteles\u2019 solution to Atticus\u2019 criticisms and gives an alternative reply to Atticus by accounting for separation in terms of thought processes.\r\n Alexander (In Phys.) attacks Atticus\u2019 vehicle-theory on the grounds that it does not resolve the question at all and alludes indirectly to his previous solution.\r\n\r\nThus, we may conclude that the De intellectu is an authentic work of Alexander, but an earlier one than the commentary on the Physics. [conclusion p. 194-195]","btype":2,"date":"1997","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/roAfpopRonK2aKn","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":194,"full_name":"Rashed, Marwan","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":133,"full_name":"Sorabji, Richard","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1061,"section_of":199,"pages":"181-195","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":199,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"en","title":"Aristotle and after","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Sorabji1997a","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1997","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1997","abstract":"A selection of papers given at the Institute of Classical Studies during 1996. They cover a variety of new work on the 900 years of philosophy from Aristotle to Simplicius. There is a strong concentration on stoicism with papers by: Michael Frede ( Euphrates of Tyre ); A. A. Long ( Property ownership and community ); Brad Inwood ( 'Why do fools fallin love?' ); Susanne Bobzein ( freedom and ethics ); Richard Gaskin ( cases, predicates and the unity of the proposition ); Richard Sorabji ( stoic philosophy and psychotherapy ); Bernard Williams ( reply to Richard Sorabji ). The other papers are by: Heinrich von Staden ( Galen and the 'Second Sophistic' ); Hans B. Gottschalk ( continuity and change in Aristotelianism ); Travis Butler ( the homonymy of signification in Aristotle ); Andrea Falcon ( Aristotle's theory of division ); Sylvia Berryman (Horror Vacui in the third century BC ); M. B. Trapp ( On the Tablet of Cebes ); Marwan Rashed ( a 'new' text of Alexander on the soul's motion ). [authors abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/x8uyail9ZCl9wfr","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":199,"pubplace":"University of London","publisher":"Institute of Classical Studies, School of Advanced Study","series":"BICS (Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies) Supplement","volume":"68","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1997]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"961","_score":null,"_source":{"id":961,"authors_free":[{"id":1442,"entry_id":961,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":416,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Barnes, Jonathan","free_first_name":"Jonathan","free_last_name":"Barnes","norm_person":{"id":416,"first_name":"Jonathan","last_name":"Barnes","full_name":"Barnes, Jonathan","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/134306627","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1443,"entry_id":961,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":417,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Griffin, Miriam","free_first_name":"Miriam","free_last_name":"Griffin","norm_person":{"id":417,"first_name":"Miriam","last_name":"Griffin","full_name":"Griffin, Miriam","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/121037975","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2242,"entry_id":961,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":416,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Barnes, Jonathan","free_first_name":"Jonathan","free_last_name":"Barnes","norm_person":{"id":416,"first_name":"Jonathan","last_name":"Barnes","full_name":"Barnes, Jonathan","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/134306627","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Roman Aristotle","main_title":{"title":"Roman Aristotle"},"abstract":"When Theophrastus died, his library, which included the library of Aristotle, was carried off to the Troad. His successors found nothing much to read; the Lyceum sank into a decline; and Peripatetic ideas had little influence on the course of Hellenistic philosophy. It was only with the rediscovery of the library that Aristotelianism revived\u2014and it revived in Italy. For the library went from the Troad to Athens\u2014whence, as part of Sulla\u2019s war booty, to Rome. There, Andronicus of Rhodes produced the \u2018Roman edition\u2019 of the corpus Aristotelicum. It was the first complete and systematic version of Aristotle\u2019s works, the first publication in their full form of the technical treatises, the first genuinely critical edition of the text.\r\n\r\nAndronicus\u2019 Roman edition caused a sensation. It revitalized the languishing Peripatetics. It set off an explosion of Aristotelian studies. It laid the foundation for all subsequent editions of Aristotle\u2019s works, including our modern texts. When we read Aristotle, we should pour a libation to Andronicus\u2014and to Sulla.\r\n\r\nThat story is the main subject of the following pages. It is familiar enough; my argument will be laborious; I have nothing new to say about it; and my general conclusions are dispiritingly skeptical. But recent scholarship on the topic has taken to the bottle of fantasy and stumbled drunkenly from one dogmatism to the next. Another look at the pertinent texts may be forgiven\u2014and in any event, the story is a peach.\r\n\r\nMy concern (let me stress at the start) is the way in which Aristotle\u2019s texts reached Rome\u2014and us. I am not concerned with the general influence of Peripatetic ideas on the Roman intelligentsia\u2014that is a vast and complex question; nor am I concerned with the specific influence of Aristotle\u2019s ideas on the Roman intelligentsia\u2014that is a different question, less vast and more complex. Indeed, I deal neither with the history of ideas nor with the history of philosophy: my subject is an episode in the history of books and the book trade. [introduction p. 1]","btype":2,"date":"1997","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/u9wKWex3PBO13aQ","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":416,"full_name":"Barnes, Jonathan","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":417,"full_name":"Griffin, Miriam","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":416,"full_name":"Barnes, Jonathan","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":961,"section_of":283,"pages":"1-69","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":283,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"en","title":"Philosophia togata II: Plato and Aristotle at Rome","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Barnes\/Griffin1997","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1997","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1997","abstract":"The mutual interaction of philosophy and Roman political and cultural life has aroused more and more interest in recent years among students of classical literature, Roman history, and ancient philosophy. In this volume, which gathers together some of the papers originally delivered at a series of seminars in the University of Oxford, scholars from all three disciplines explore the role of Platonism and Aristotelianism in Roman intellectual, cultural, and political life from the second century BC to the third century AD.","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/y4n6429uWaNLuD2","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":283,"pubplace":"Oxford","publisher":"Clarendon Press","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1997]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"682","_score":null,"_source":{"id":682,"authors_free":[{"id":1011,"entry_id":682,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":138,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe","free_first_name":"Philippe","free_last_name":"Hoffmann","norm_person":{"id":138,"first_name":"Philippe ","last_name":"Hoffmann","full_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/189361905","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1012,"entry_id":682,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":138,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe","free_first_name":"Philippe","free_last_name":"Hoffmann","norm_person":{"id":138,"first_name":"Philippe ","last_name":"Hoffmann","full_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/189361905","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2022,"entry_id":682,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":186,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Rinuy, Paul-Louis","free_first_name":"Paul-Louis","free_last_name":"Rinuy","norm_person":{"id":186,"first_name":"Paul-Louis ","last_name":"Rinuy","full_name":"Rinuy, Paul-Louis ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/14126795X","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2392,"entry_id":682,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":187,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Farnoux, Alexandre (Coll.)","free_first_name":"Alexandre","free_last_name":"Farnoux","norm_person":{"id":187,"first_name":"Alexandre ","last_name":"Farnoux","full_name":"Farnoux, Alexandre ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/188370528","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"L'arri\u00e8re-plan n\u00e9oplatonicien de l'\u00c9cole d'Ath\u00e8nes de Rapha\u00ebl","main_title":{"title":"L'arri\u00e8re-plan n\u00e9oplatonicien de l'\u00c9cole d'Ath\u00e8nes de Rapha\u00ebl"},"abstract":"Il est n\u00e9anmoins permis d\u2019insister, comme nous l'avons d\u00e9j\u00e0 dit, sur la tonalit\u00e9 manifestement n\u00e9oplatonicienne de l\u2019\u0153uvre. Tout d\u2019abord, on peut souligner une distorsion entre l\u2019all\u00e9gorie de la Philosophie et l\u2019\u00c9cole d\u2019Ath\u00e8nes. Il est vrai que l\u2019all\u00e9gorie est construite sur l\u2019id\u00e9e d\u2019une dualit\u00e9 des parties de la Philosophie, qui sont donc des parties \u00e9gales. La l\u00e9gende, \u00abCausarum cognitio\u00bb, est certainement inspir\u00e9e par la l\u00e9gende de l\u2019all\u00e9gorie de la Prudence, peinte vers 1500 par Pietro Vannucci (le P\u00e9rugin) dans le Cambio de P\u00e9rouse. Le texte qui accompagne la Prudence a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9dig\u00e9 par le responsable du programme \u2013 d\u2019esprit \u00abficinien\u00bb \u2013, l\u2019\u00e9rudit Francesco Maturanzio, bien connu non seulement comme \u00abmodeste auteur de la Cronaca della citt\u00e0 di Perugia dal 1492 al 1503\u00bb, mais aussi comme aristot\u00e9licien thomiste, hell\u00e9niste et collectionneur de manuscrits grecs.\r\n\r\nMaturanzio exprimait dans ce programme son adh\u00e9sion \u00e0 l'id\u00e9e d'une conciliation des mondes antique et chr\u00e9tien, une id\u00e9e qui devait trouver une expression plus grandiose dans la Chambre de la Signature. On rel\u00e8ve notamment, dans la l\u00e9gende de la Prudence de P\u00e9rouse, l\u2019expression \u00ab...Scrutari verum doceo causasque latentes...\u00bb. Et comme Rapha\u00ebl avait travaill\u00e9 avec le P\u00e9rugin, en compagnie de qui il \u00e9tait venu \u00e0 Rome, le lien entre \u00abscrutari... causas latentes\u00bb et \u00abcausarum cognitio\u00bb est tout \u00e0 fait plausible. Mais la formule a davantage d'application dans le domaine de la physique que dans celui de l'\u00e9thique, de m\u00eame que l'Art\u00e9mis d\u2019\u00c9ph\u00e8se repr\u00e9sente la Nature avec ses secrets \u2013 l\u2019objet de la partie physique de la Philosophie \u2013, et n\u2019a gu\u00e8re de rapport avec l'\u00e9thique.\r\n\r\nLa dissym\u00e9trie est plus nette dans le traitement des deux personnages de Platon et d'Aristote. Le ma\u00eetre est, comme il se doit, \u00e0 la droite du disciple. La direction des gestes est si contrast\u00e9e qu\u2019elle ne peut signifier qu'une diff\u00e9rence de domaine : les Id\u00e9es et le D\u00e9miurge sont le domaine d'\u00e9lection de Platon, tandis que le Bonheur humain \u2013 le plus grand bonheur qui puisse \u00e9choir \u00e0 l\u2019homme \u2013 est ce qu'Aristote vient offrir en un geste g\u00e9n\u00e9reux, qui s\u2019adresse aux spectateurs de la fresque.\r\n\r\nComment ne pas voir dans cette structure iconographique un \u00e9cho pr\u00e9cis des conceptions n\u00e9oplatoniciennes ? On retrouve des th\u00e8mes que nous avons maintes fois rencontr\u00e9s et que Rapha\u00ebl \u2013 ou le responsable du programme iconographique \u2013 a puis\u00e9s dans la culture n\u00e9oplatonicienne de l'\u00e9poque, chez Marsile Ficin ou Pic de la Mirandole :\r\n\r\n L'harmonie des philosophies de Platon et d\u2019Aristote, tout d'abord : ce sont les deux figures centrales \u00e0 partir desquelles s'ordonne toute la composition.\r\n La sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9 de la philosophie de Platon (les \u00abgrands myst\u00e8res\u00bb n\u00e9oplatoniciens) sur celle d\u2019Aristote (les \u00abpetits myst\u00e8res\u00bb), qui est la prop\u00e9deutique \u00e0 la philosophie de Platon et qui succ\u00e8de elle-m\u00eame au cycle des sept Arts Lib\u00e9raux, dont on a voulu d\u00e9celer la repr\u00e9sentation parmi le savant d\u00e9sordre des personnages qui entourent les deux figures centrales.\r\n La diff\u00e9rence des plans ontologiques auxquels se sont \u00e9lev\u00e9s les deux penseurs : Platon a d\u00e9crit le Monde non pas de mani\u00e8re immanente, mais en recherchant ses causes \u2013 les Id\u00e9es et le D\u00e9miurge. Il \u00e9tudie les r\u00e9alit\u00e9s naturelles elles-m\u00eames en consid\u00e9rant leur relation \u00e0 celles qui sont au-dessus de la nature, c'est-\u00e0-dire les r\u00e9alit\u00e9s intelligibles et divines qui en sont les causes. L\u2019\u00e9tude du Tim\u00e9e, \u0153uvre platonicienne majeure pour le Moyen \u00c2ge occidental, relevait aussi dans l'Antiquit\u00e9 du second cycle du cursus n\u00e9oplatonicien de lecture des dialogues de Platon.\r\n\r\nQuant \u00e0 Aristote, il offre une pens\u00e9e du bonheur qui doit permettre \u00e0 l\u2019homme, en menant la vie th\u00e9or\u00e9tique \u2013 qui est en grande partie une recherche des causes \u2013, de \u00abs\u2019immortaliser autant qu\u2019il est possible\u00bb. Dans une note, Gombrich signale qu\u2019\u00e0 la date o\u00f9 Rapha\u00ebl con\u00e7ut l\u2019\u00c9cole d\u2019Ath\u00e8nes, il n\u2019existait pas de traduction italienne en \u00e9dition s\u00e9par\u00e9e du Tim\u00e9e ni des \u00c9thiques d\u2019Aristote. On peut ajouter que l\u2019\u00e9dition princeps de Platon en grec ne devait \u00eatre publi\u00e9e qu\u2019en 1513 \u00e0 Venise (\u00e9dition aldine), et que Platon \u00e9tait lu \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque dans la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre traduction latine de Ficin imprim\u00e9e en 1484. On rappellera dans ce contexte que l\u2019\u00e9dition princeps des \u0153uvres d\u2019Aristote en grec avait \u00e9t\u00e9 donn\u00e9e peu d'ann\u00e9es auparavant \u00e0 Venise par Alde Manuce. Pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, la Pr\u00e9face grecque d\u2019Alexandre Bondini (Agachemeros), collaborateur d\u2019Alde, justifie l'entreprise par un \u00e9loge de la sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9 de la philosophie p\u00e9ripat\u00e9ticienne, qui procure aux hommes le bonheur (eudaimonia). Peu apr\u00e8s, en 1499, paraissait \u00e0 Venise \u00e9galement l\u2019\u00e9dition princeps (incunable !) du Commentaire de Simplicius aux Cat\u00e9gories, \u0153uvre dans laquelle les humanistes italiens pouvaient commod\u00e9ment lire le d\u00e9veloppement que nous avons \u00e9tudi\u00e9 sur la finalit\u00e9 de la philosophie d\u2019Aristote.\r\n\r\nCes deux remarques bibliographiques ne pr\u00e9tendent en aucun cas assigner une source litt\u00e9raire \u00e0 un c\u00e9l\u00e8bre d\u00e9tail iconographique. La le\u00e7on de m\u00e9thode et de prudence d\u2019E. Gombrich est exemplaire, et il serait vain de vouloir ajouter une nouvelle hypoth\u00e8se, impossible \u00e0 prouver en toute rigueur, \u00e0 tant d\u2019autres. Ce que l\u2019on peut souligner en revanche, si l\u2019on veut bien admettre que, dans une p\u00e9riode d\u2019effervescence intellectuelle comme la Renaissance italienne, les livres publi\u00e9s \u00e9taient lus et que les id\u00e9es circulaient, c\u2019est un \u00e9cho troublant entre le th\u00e8me de la Pr\u00e9face d\u2019Alexandre Bondini (1495), le d\u00e9veloppement de Simplicius sur le Bonheur comme finalit\u00e9 de la philosophie d\u2019Aristote (imprim\u00e9 en 1499), et le principe \u00absymphonique\u00bb n\u00e9oplatonicien qui organise et unifie le programme iconographique de l\u2019\u00c9cole d\u2019Ath\u00e8nes (1509\u20131511). [conclusion p. 154-158]","btype":2,"date":"1996","language":"French","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/KewGi1BBbx4GOnk","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":138,"full_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe ","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":138,"full_name":"Hoffmann, Philippe ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":186,"full_name":"Rinuy, Paul-Louis ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":187,"full_name":"Farnoux, Alexandre ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":682,"section_of":165,"pages":"143-158","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":165,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"fr","title":"Antiquit\u00e9s imaginaires. La r\u00e9f\u00e9rence antique dans l'art occidental, de la Renaissance \u00e0 nos jours","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Hoffmann1996a","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1996","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1996","abstract":"Rassemblant quatorze contributions de sp\u00e9cialistes de la litt\u00e9rature et de l\u2019histoire de l\u2019art, ce livre tente de donner une s\u00e9rie d\u2019aper\u00e7us pr\u00e9cis des diff\u00e9rentes mani\u00e8res dont la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9 a jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le, capital, dans la cr\u00e9ation artistique de la Renaissance \u00e0 nos jours.\r\nDe Rapha\u00ebl jusqu\u2019aux actuels mouvements \u00ab post-modernes \u00bb, la cr\u00e9ation a \u00e9t\u00e9 profond\u00e9ment marqu\u00e9e en Occident par les visages successifs d\u2019une Antiquit\u00e9 sans cesse r\u00e9invent\u00e9e et r\u00e9interpr\u00e9t\u00e9e. Ovide, Philostrate, Platon et Aristote ont \u00e9t\u00e9 au coeur des d\u00e9bats et des r\u00e9flexions des \u00e9crivains et des critiques, tout comme les chefs-d\u2019oeuvre de l\u2019architecture et de la sculpture \u2013 le Parth\u00e9non ou le Laocoon \u2013 ont inspir\u00e9 les artistes au fil de leurs red\u00e9couvertes successives de l\u2019art antique. H\u00e9ritage, influence, r\u00e9invention, Classic revival, Nachleben der Antike ? Les mots et les expressions sont nombreux pour tenter de cerner un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne crucial et chatoyant. Les \u00e9tudes ici r\u00e9unies par Philippe Hoffmann, Paul-Louis Rinuy et Alexandre Farnoux, au terme d\u2019un s\u00e9minaire et d\u2019une table ronde tenus au Centre d\u2019\u00e9tudes anciennes de l\u2019\u00c9cole normale sup\u00e9rieure, veulent ouvrir des pistes pour de nouvelles recherches et illustrer divers aspects de la pr\u00e9sence de l\u2019Antique au sein des modernit\u00e9s [offical abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/Al1RSBIKKbIdEE7","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":165,"pubplace":"Paris","publisher":"Presses de l\u2019\u00c9cole normale sup\u00e9rieure","series":"\u00c9tudes de litt\u00e9rature ancienne","volume":"7","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1996]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"927","_score":null,"_source":{"id":927,"authors_free":[{"id":1371,"entry_id":927,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":108,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","free_first_name":"Henry J.","free_last_name":"Blumenthal","norm_person":{"id":108,"first_name":"Henry J.","last_name":"Blumenthal","full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051543967","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2527,"entry_id":927,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":108,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","free_first_name":"Henry J.","free_last_name":"Blumenthal","norm_person":{"id":108,"first_name":"Henry J.","last_name":"Blumenthal","full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051543967","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"The writings of the De anima commentators","main_title":{"title":"The writings of the De anima commentators"},"abstract":"So far we have discussed the work of our commentators as if it was \r\nsimply scholarship and philosophical exposition, whether of their own \r\nphilosophy or that of Aristotle which most of them held to be fundamen\u00ad\r\ntally the same. There is, however, another aspect of the commentaries \r\nwhich, while not prominent, should not be forgotten. That is the way in \r\nwhich doing such work was an integral part of a life aimed at the greatest \r\npossible degree of return to that higher reality from which the commenta\u00ad\r\ntors saw human life as a decline and separation. It is becoming \r\nincreasingly better understood that for the great majority of Greek philo\u00ad\r\nsophers, philosophy was not only a way of thinking but a way of life.70 The \r\nlate Neoplatonists seem to have gone even further, and regarded the \r\nproduction of commentaries as a kind of service to the divine, much as a \r\nChristian monk who engaged in scholarship would have seen it in that \r\nlight So we find at the end of Simplicius\u2019 commentary on the De caelo what \r\ncan only be described as a prayer: \u2018Oh lord and artificer of the universe \r\nand the simple bodies in it, to you and all that has been brought into being \r\nby you I offer this work as a hymn, being eager to see as a revelation the \r\nmagnitude of your works and to proclaim it to those who are worthy, so \r\nthat thinking no mean or mortal thoughts about you we may make \r\nobeisance to you in accordance with the high place you occupy in respect \r\nof all that is produced by you\u2019 (731.25-9). Those who think that ancient \r\nphilosophy ceased to be of interest some three and a half centuries before \r\nthese words were written and who may from time to time consult Sim\u00ad\r\nplicius for an opinion on the meaning of an Aristotelian text, are unlikely \r\never to see these words, or those that come at the end of the commentary \r\non the Enckeiridion (138.22-3). Without them they cannot fully under\u00ad\r\nstand the nature of works beyond whose surface they never penetrate, \r\nworks whose very composition could be seen as an act of reverence to the \r\ngods of paganism. [Conclusion, p. 71]","btype":2,"date":"1996","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/OwPB7ahnasyI8P2","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":108,"full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":108,"full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":927,"section_of":213,"pages":"53-71","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":213,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":1,"language":"en","title":"Aristotle and Neoplatonism in late antiquity: Interpretations of the \"De Anima\"","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Blumenthal1996a","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1996","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1996","abstract":"Steven Strange: Emory University Scholars have traditionally used the Aristotelian commentators as sources for lost philosophical works and occasionally also as aids to understanding Aristotle. In H. J. Blumenthal's view, however, the commentators often assumed that there was a Platonist philosophy to which not only they but Aristotle himself subscribed. Their expository writing usually expressed their versions of Neoplatonist philosophy. Blumenthal here places the commentators in their intellectual and historical contexts, identifies their philosophical views, and demonstrates their tendency to read Aristotle as if he were a member of their philosophical circle.This book focuses on the commentators' exposition of Aristotle's treatise De anima (On the Soul), because it is relatively well documented and because the concept of soul was so important in all Neoplatonic systems. Blumenthal explains how the Neoplatonizing of Aristotle's thought, as well as the widespread use of the commentators' works, influenced the understanding of Aristotle in both the Islamic and Judaeo-Christian traditions.H. J. Blumenthal is the author or coeditor of six previous books and is currently preparing a two-volume translation, with introduction and commentary, of Simplicius' Commentary on \"De anima\" for publication in Cornell's series Ancient Commentators on Aristotle.","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/VOUUZIIp0rHNG0V","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":213,"pubplace":"London","publisher":"Duckworth","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1996]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"1449","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1449,"authors_free":[{"id":2431,"entry_id":1449,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":108,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","free_first_name":"Henry J.","free_last_name":"Blumenthal","norm_person":{"id":108,"first_name":"Henry J.","last_name":"Blumenthal","full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051543967","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2444,"entry_id":1449,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":108,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","free_first_name":"Henry J.","free_last_name":"Blumenthal","norm_person":{"id":108,"first_name":"Henry J.","last_name":"Blumenthal","full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051543967","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"The commentators: their identity and their background","main_title":{"title":"The commentators: their identity and their background"},"abstract":"While in the previous chapter we have been looking at the overall similarity of the commentators\u2019 methods and assumptions, it is now time to try to say something about them as individuals and the work they produced. This is not an easy task. We may have lives of the most important philosophers, Plotinus and Proclus, and even of an apparent nonentity like Isidore, but for those who wrote commentaries on Aristotle, we can often do little more than establish places of activity and approximate dates.\r\n\r\nThe information most consistently available is the most useless\u2014an indication, sometimes no more than a manuscript tradition with all the doubts attaching to that, of the town or area a man came from or was known by: \u201cProclus the Lycian,\u201d \u201cSimplicius the Cilician,\u201d \u201cPriscian the Lydian.\u201d Those who operated in Alexandria are usually labeled \u201cAlexandrian,\u201d too consistently for the label to be anything more than an indication that that was where they worked or spent an important part of their careers. Thus, all we know, in most cases, is where some of the writers we are concerned with began their lives, and then only to the extent of knowing what part of the world it was in.\r\n\r\nNevertheless, some information on the commentators is provided by sources that tell us about them incidentally to their main aim. Damascius\u2019 reconstructed Life of Isidore is one such source: it deals in passing with those who were either personally or historically connected with the subject of the work. Much of the information about the relation between those who worked at Athens and Alexandria in the fifth and sixth centuries is derived from that source. In particular, most of the evidence about who studied with whom and where is to be found there.\r\n\r\nUnfortunately, by far the larger of two collections of excerpts in Photius (codd. 181 and 242), by whom most of the surviving contents have been preserved, comes from a particularly scrappy part of his work, so that we often do not know which snippets should be taken together, a point that affects, among other things, an important question about Ammonius.\r\n\r\nTwo works that do survive and give us some further help are Zacharias\u2019 Life of Severus, from which, though it concentrates on Christians, we can learn something about conditions in the schools of Alexandria as well as about their students and teachers, and the same writer\u2019s dialogue Ammonius, which provides rather less than its title might lead one to hope, being concerned primarily with matters in dispute between pagans and Christians, such as the eternity of the world and the creative activity of God. It tells us very little about Ammonius but does raise a question of some importance about his beliefs, with which we must deal below.\r\n\r\nAt an earlier period, Marinus\u2019 Life of Proclus, a document often distorted by the desire to fit biographical facts to philosophical notions, gives us some information about others who worked at Athens and are part of the story of Aristotelian commentary\u2014namely, Plutarch and Syrianus, who, Marinus tells us, were respectively master and pupil, as well as both being teachers of Proclus. In addition, he mentions persons about whom he gives us little or no other information, such as Plutarch\u2019s grandson Archiadas and Proclus\u2019 contemporary Domninus. Unfortunately, the Life does not proceed in chronological order because its structure depends on a framework of the Neoplatonic scale of virtues and Proclus\u2019 ascent to its summit.\r\n\r\nIn addition to what these sources provide, we have pieces of more or less incidental information from elsewhere, some of it not unimportant. Such are the dates infrequently given en passant in the commentaries and the occasional references to philosophy in both contemporary and later historians. Some of these references are notoriously difficult to interpret or even simply unreliable. In this category are the details of the exile of 529 and the possible return from it. In addition, there are entries in or from the lexica and other compilations so popular in late Classical antiquity and early Byzantine culture; some of these overlap both with each other and with the material found in Photius.\r\n\r\nThere are some figures in the tradition of Aristotelian commentary about whom we know almost nothing. Such are Asclepius, the editor of Ammonius\u2019 Metaphysics course, at least for Books A-Z, Olympiodorus in the next generation, and his presumed pupil Elias. His\u2014probably\u2014contemporary David is well known in the Armenian tradition but not in the Greek. The last three, as it happens, are all later than the last surviving Life of a philosopher.\r\n\r\nOne of the perversities of the distribution of information is that we are often better informed about those whose work has been lost but was clearly important in the tradition, like Plutarch, and even those whose work has been lost and may not have been important in the interpretation of either the Platonic or the Aristotelian writings in any case, like Isidore, than about the authors of considerable parts of our corpus of texts, like Ammonius and Simplicius.\r\n\r\nLet us now go back to the beginning and look at what we do know about those who contributed to the exposition of the De Anima, leaving aside Plotinus, whose contribution was the more general one of integrating Aristotelian psychology into Neoplatonic philosophy and about whose life we are reasonably well, if somewhat sporadically, informed.\r\n\r\nWe can say that Iamblichus, the initiator of the organization of the Neoplatonists\u2019 Aristotle and Plato course, and perhaps their Aristotle course as well, probably did not write a De Anima commentary, a matter we shall return to shortly, but Ps-Simplicius claims to follow the guidance he offered in his own treatise on the soul.\r\n\r\nSince, however, most of that has been lost, and Ps-Simplicius\u2019 De Anima commentary notoriously fails to provide the extensive documentation and specific attributions found in the other Simplicius commentaries, we can assess neither the real extent nor the specific details of Iamblichus\u2019 influence. That situation contrasts with what obtains in the case of their Categories commentaries: while in this case Iamblichus\u2019 commentary is lost, Simplicius refers to it constantly by name.\r\n\r\nIt is worth mentioning that Proclus does the same in his Timaeus commentary, showing that Iamblichus\u2019 lead was followed by at least some\u2014perhaps avoiding at this stage adding \"Athenians\"\u2014at both ends of the combined Aristotle and Plato course. Nevertheless, the combination of Ps-Simplicius\u2019 expression of intent in the De Anima commentary and what actually happens in other commentaries suggests that Iamblichus\u2019 influence on the exposition of the De Anima will not have been negligible.\r\n\r\nIts extent may or may not have been greater because of his place early in the story: though his exact dates cannot be established, they fall in the second half of the third century and the beginning of the fourth, making it possible that he was actually a pupil of Porphyry, as later writers assert\u2014an assertion that must, however, be treated with some care because of the notorious habit of ancient biographers and doxographers of arranging philosophers in chains of master-pupil relations, a habit that affects the whole history of Greek philosophy from Thales to the end.\r\n\r\nAfter Iamblichus, there is a gap in the history of Platonism and also of Aristotelian exposition. The latter is, however, partly filled by the anomalous figure of Themistius, partly because of the very anomaly that consists in his being a Peripatetic and standing outside the mainstream of philosophical development, which was by now almost entirely Platonist.\r\n\r\nThemistius differs from the other commentators in another respect too. Most of them were, as far as we know, the equivalent of professional philosophers today, producing philosophical research while earning their living by teaching, subsidized perhaps, in the case of those Neoplatonists working at Athens, by the Academy\u2019s funds, from whatever source these came.\r\n\r\nThemistius, on the other hand, was a diplomat and politician whose interest in Aristotle might be thought of as loosely analogous to Gladstone\u2019s in Homer. The commentaries were written early in his life, and there is no evidence that he ever returned to actual study of Aristotle, nor that he ever taught philosophy. Nor is there any evidence that will withstand scrutiny that he ever wrote on Plato, great as his admiration for him was. [introduction p. 35-38]","btype":2,"date":"1996","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/GBYzMZ4X3Nt0hsI","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":108,"full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":108,"full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1449,"section_of":213,"pages":"35-51","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":213,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":1,"language":"en","title":"Aristotle and Neoplatonism in late antiquity: Interpretations of the \"De Anima\"","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Blumenthal1996a","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1996","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1996","abstract":"Steven Strange: Emory University Scholars have traditionally used the Aristotelian commentators as sources for lost philosophical works and occasionally also as aids to understanding Aristotle. In H. J. Blumenthal's view, however, the commentators often assumed that there was a Platonist philosophy to which not only they but Aristotle himself subscribed. Their expository writing usually expressed their versions of Neoplatonist philosophy. Blumenthal here places the commentators in their intellectual and historical contexts, identifies their philosophical views, and demonstrates their tendency to read Aristotle as if he were a member of their philosophical circle.This book focuses on the commentators' exposition of Aristotle's treatise De anima (On the Soul), because it is relatively well documented and because the concept of soul was so important in all Neoplatonic systems. Blumenthal explains how the Neoplatonizing of Aristotle's thought, as well as the widespread use of the commentators' works, influenced the understanding of Aristotle in both the Islamic and Judaeo-Christian traditions.H. J. Blumenthal is the author or coeditor of six previous books and is currently preparing a two-volume translation, with introduction and commentary, of Simplicius' Commentary on \"De anima\" for publication in Cornell's series Ancient Commentators on Aristotle.","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/VOUUZIIp0rHNG0V","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":213,"pubplace":"London","publisher":"Duckworth","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1996]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"1495","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1495,"authors_free":[{"id":2593,"entry_id":1495,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":108,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","free_first_name":"Henry J.","free_last_name":"Blumenthal","norm_person":{"id":108,"first_name":"Henry J.","last_name":"Blumenthal","full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051543967","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2594,"entry_id":1495,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":24,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Cardullo, R. Loredana","free_first_name":"R. Loredana","free_last_name":"Cardullo","norm_person":{"id":24,"first_name":"R. Loredana ","last_name":"Cardullo","full_name":"Cardullo, R. Loredana ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/139800220","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2595,"entry_id":1495,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":305,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Romano, Francesco","free_first_name":"Francesco","free_last_name":"Romano","norm_person":{"id":305,"first_name":"Francesco","last_name":"Romano","full_name":"Romano, Francesco","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1028249454","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Dunamis in \"Simplicius\"","main_title":{"title":"Dunamis in \"Simplicius\""},"abstract":"","btype":2,"date":"1996","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/abLTBIirPsa77f4","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":108,"full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":24,"full_name":"Cardullo, R. Loredana ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":305,"full_name":"Romano, Francesco","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1495,"section_of":1494,"pages":"149-172","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":1494,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"it","title":"Dunamis nel Neoplatonismo: atti del II Colloquio internazionale del Centro di Ricerca sul Neoplatonismo, Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Catania, 6-8 ottobre 1994","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Romano_Cardullo_1996","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1996","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/PQyCtyKJxkHvx2E","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":1494,"pubplace":"Firenze","publisher":"La nuova Italia","series":"Symbolon. Studi e testi di filosofia antica e medievale","volume":"16","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1996]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"1159","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1159,"authors_free":[{"id":1735,"entry_id":1159,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":28,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Algra, Keimpe A.","free_first_name":"Keimpe A.","free_last_name":"Algra","norm_person":{"id":28,"first_name":"Keimpe A.","last_name":"Algra","full_name":"Algra, Keimpe A.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/115110992","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2347,"entry_id":1159,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":28,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Algra, Keimpe A.","free_first_name":"Keimpe A.","free_last_name":"Algra","norm_person":{"id":28,"first_name":"Keimpe A.","last_name":"Algra","full_name":"Algra, Keimpe A.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/115110992","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Problems in Aristotle's Theory of Place and Early Peripatetic Reactions","main_title":{"title":"Problems in Aristotle's Theory of Place and Early Peripatetic Reactions"},"abstract":"In the present chapter, I have discussed several early Peripatetic attempts to come to terms with Aristotle\u2019s theory of place. These were studied against the background of Aristotle\u2019s theory of place itself and the obscurities and problems it involved. As was already noted in the previous chapter, Aristotle\u2019s dialectical discussion in Phys. A exhibited a number of rough edges and loose ends. Thus, he nowhere explicitly reconciled his own two claims that place should have some power and that it should not be counted as one of the four familiar causes.\r\n\r\nIn section 5.1, it was shown, or so I hope, that it is possible to reconstruct his position by a closer study of the dialectical structure of the discussion of topos in Phys. A and by adducing a number of other relevant passages from elsewhere in the Physics and the De Caelo. In the course of this chapter, it became clear that the resulting picture of the non-dynamic character of Aristotelian place was confirmed by the few remarks on this issue that have come down to us from Theophrastus and Eudemus.\r\n\r\nTwo other problems left open by Aristotle\u2014viz., the interrelated problems of the immobility of place and its ontological status\u2014seem to have been more difficult to solve, as I have tried to show in section 5.2. They were discussed\u2014together with a number of other problems, such as the problem of the emplacement of the heavens\u2014by both Eudemus and Theophrastus.\r\n\r\nIt appears\u2014if we are allowed to draw some general conclusions from the scanty fragments that have come down to us\u2014that each of these two pupils of Aristotle continued his master\u2019s work in his own way: Theophrastus by continuing Aristotle\u2019s critical dialectical approach, which involved his feeling free to sometimes add some rather radically alternative suggestions, and Eudemus by mainly filling out Aristotle\u2019s own suggestions by adducing material from elsewhere in his work or by rephrasing Aristotle\u2019s arguments in clearer terms.\r\n\r\nBut even if Eudemus appears to have been the more \u2018orthodox\u2019 of the two, we should not overestimate the strength and the extent of Theophrastus\u2019 dissent from Aristotle. It appears to have consisted mainly in his leaving the aporia of fr. 146 unanswered while putting forward the contents of fr. 149 as hardly more than a suggested alternative. Moreover, it is worth noting that, in a way, the conception of place as a relation between bodies\u2014suggested in fr. 149\u2014may be regarded as constituting a sensible elaboration rather than a complete rejection of the Aristotelian position.\r\n\r\nFor insofar as it still defines the place of a thing in terms of its surroundings rather than in terms of a SidaxTijxa (whether in the Platonic or in the atomist sense), it remains on the Aristotelian side of the line drawn by Aristotle himself at Phys. A 209b1-7.\u00b9\u2074\u2074 And unlike the alternative proposed by Strato, this conception of place could, in principle, be taken over ceteris paribus, leaving the rest of the system of Aristotelian physics intact.\r\n\r\nAt the same time, it should be clear that Theophrastus\u2019 solution, however hesitantly put forward, is far superior from a systematic point of view. It might even be claimed that it transforms Aristotle\u2019s (and Eudemus\u2019) rather na\u00efve theory of place (focusing on the location of individual substances) into what we might call a theory of space (in principle allowing an account of the sum total of spatial relations within the cosmos).\u00b9\u2074\u2075\r\n\r\nThis brings us to the curious fact that this novel conception of place did not have a wider appeal. As we saw, we actually have to wait for Damascius to take up Theophrastus\u2019 suggestion. This is probably partly due to the fact that Theophrastus omitted to elaborate his point and that, as a consequence, it did not become widely known. In addition, the relational conception of place suggested by Theophrastus, if worked out properly, was much more technical and much farther removed from everyday usage and ordinary experience than its contemporary rivals.\r\n\r\nWe need only look at Aristotle\u2019s theory of topos and the way in which it was taken seriously in antiquity (and beyond) to see to what extent lack of technicality and closeness to common thinking and speaking were commonly counted as virtues.\r\n\r\nThis, in turn, leads us to the question of the influence of (Eudemus and) Theophrastus in general. To some extent, the doubts, criticisms, and refinements of Aristotle\u2019s theory put forward by Eudemus and Theophrastus may have proved seminal. At any rate, later critics of the Aristotelian position, such as Simplicius, found it worthwhile to refer to their ideas or to add quotations from their work.\r\n\r\nAnd the mere fact that Aristotle\u2019s theory of place had come under attack within the Peripatos and that even a relatively faithful pupil like Eudemus had felt obliged to advocate some changes may have encouraged the much bolder dissent of a philosopher like Strato of Lampsacus. Yet, it should be stressed that the precise extent of the influence of these early Peripatetics is impossible to determine.\u00b9\u2074\u2076\r\n\r\nAt any rate, there is no positive evidence that any of the later critics of Aristotle was directly influenced by Theophrastus or Eudemus, and it should be kept in mind that these critics probably did not even need their examples. Indeed, Aristotle himself provided enough ammunition\u2014for example, by failing to answer the question of the ontological status of place, by failing to provide a more technical account of immobility,\u00b9\u2074\u2077 and by attacking the most obvious rival view (place as a three-dimensional extension) with very unsatisfactory arguments. [conclusion p. 258-260]","btype":2,"date":"1995","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/JNlEob1OVl4sohO","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":28,"full_name":"Algra, Keimpe A.","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":28,"full_name":"Algra, Keimpe A.","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1159,"section_of":232,"pages":"192-260","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":232,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":1,"language":"en","title":"Concepts of space in Greek thought","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Algra1995c","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1995","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1995","abstract":"Concepts of Space in Greek Thought studies ancient Greek theories of physical space and place, in particular those of the classical and Hellenistic period. These theories are explained primarily with reference to the general philosophical or methodological framework within which they took shape. Special attention is paid to the nature and status of the sources. Two introductory chapters deal with the interrelations between various concepts of space and with Greek spatial terminology (including case studies of the Eleatics, Democritus and Epicurus). The remaining chapters contain detailed studies on the theories of space of Plato, Aristotle, the early Peripatetics and the Stoics.\r\nThe book is especially useful for historians of ancient physics, but may also be of interest to students of Aristotelian dialectic, ancient metaphysics, doxography, and medieval and early modern physics.","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/Goiwos39VOpY6H9","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":232,"pubplace":"Leiden \u2013 New York \u2013 K\u00f6ln","publisher":"Brill","series":"Philosophia Antiqua","volume":"65","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1995]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"1498","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1498,"authors_free":[{"id":2598,"entry_id":1498,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":4,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Hadot, Ilsetraut","free_first_name":"Ilsetraut","free_last_name":"Hadot","norm_person":{"id":4,"first_name":"Ilsetraut","last_name":"Hadot","full_name":"Hadot, Ilsetraut","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/107415011","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2599,"entry_id":1498,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":556,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Moreschini, Claudio","free_first_name":"Claudio","free_last_name":"Moreschini","norm_person":{"id":556,"first_name":"Claudio","last_name":"Moreschini","full_name":"Moreschini, Claudio","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1028672292","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Le Commentaire de Simplicius sur le Manuel d\u2019Epictete comme Exercice Spirituel","main_title":{"title":"Le Commentaire de Simplicius sur le Manuel d\u2019Epictete comme Exercice Spirituel"},"abstract":"Dans mon livre Le probl\u00e8me du n\u00e9oplatonisme alexandrin : Hi\u00e9rocl\u00e8s et Simplicius\u00b9, j\u2019ai expliqu\u00e9 d\u2019une mani\u00e8re d\u00e9taill\u00e9e la place que tenait le commentaire sur le Manuel d\u2019\u00c9pict\u00e8te dans l\u2019enseignement n\u00e9oplatonicien.\r\n\r\nIl s\u2019agissait de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la question suivante : comment le n\u00e9oplatonicien Simplicius pouvait-il se sentir la vocation de commenter le Manuel du sto\u00efcien \u00c9pict\u00e8te, et, qui plus est, dans la perspective de la m\u00e9tripathie aristot\u00e9licienne ? Je ne peux reprendre l\u2019argumentation d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e que j\u2019ai donn\u00e9e dans mon livre et je me borne \u00e0 en r\u00e9sumer ici les principaux r\u00e9sultats.\r\n\r\nLes n\u00e9oplatoniciens \u00e9taient persuad\u00e9s qu\u2019il fallait, pour pouvoir commencer avec profit les \u00e9tudes de philosophie proprement dites, avoir acquis auparavant certaines dispositions morales et avoir de cette mani\u00e8re purifi\u00e9 son \u00e2me, au moins dans une certaine mesure. C\u2019est ce que nous expliquent Simplicius, Ammonius, Philopon, Olympiodore et David (\u00c9lias) dans les introductions \u00e0 leurs commentaires sur les Cat\u00e9gories d\u2019Aristote, dans un chapitre traitant des qualit\u00e9s requises du bon auditeur (ou \u00e9tudiant)\u00b2.\r\n\r\nMais pour cette formation morale pr\u00e9-philosophique, il fallait, comme Simplicius et les autres commentateurs des Cat\u00e9gories l\u2019expliquent dans un autre chapitre introductif\u00b3, une instruction qui soit une cat\u00e9ch\u00e8se purement par\u00e9n\u00e9tique, sans d\u00e9monstrations logiques. Comme le disent Simplicius et Ammonius\u2074, une telle instruction ne se trouve pas dans l\u2019\u0153uvre d\u2019Aristote, par laquelle commen\u00e7aient les \u00e9tudes philosophiques des n\u00e9oplatoniciens.\r\n\r\nLes trait\u00e9s d\u2019Aristote sont remplis de divisions et de d\u00e9monstrations, dont la compr\u00e9hension pr\u00e9suppose la ma\u00eetrise de la m\u00e9thode apodictique, que le d\u00e9butant en philosophie ne poss\u00e8de pas. Ce ne sont donc pas les \u00c9thiques d\u2019Aristote qui peuvent fournir une instruction \u00e9thique pr\u00e9paratoire, continue Simplicius, mais des exhortations non techniques sous forme \u00e9crite ou non \u00e9crite, comme on en trouve beaucoup chez les pythagoriciens.\r\n\r\nLa derni\u00e8re allusion de Simplicius vise certainement les sentences pythagoriciennes et le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre Carmen aureum, qui a effectivement \u00e9t\u00e9 comment\u00e9 par les n\u00e9oplatoniciens Hi\u00e9rocl\u00e8s, Jamblique\u2075 et Proclus\u2076. David (\u00c9lias), pour sa part, nomme les par\u00e9n\u00e8ses d\u2019Isocrate\u2077, visant de toute \u00e9vidence les discours \u00c0 D\u00e9monicos et \u00c0 Nicocl\u00e8s.\r\n\r\nOr, au d\u00e9but de son commentaire sur le Manuel d\u2019\u00c9pict\u00e8te\u2078, Simplicius pr\u00e9cise que le genre litt\u00e9raire de cet ouvrage est celui des \u00ab courtes sentences \u00bb et des \u00ab maximes morales \u00bb, et il ajoute que ce genre litt\u00e9raire est analogue \u00e0 celui que les pythagoriciens appellent pr\u00e9ceptes (\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af).\r\n\r\nNous pouvons donc \u00eatre assur\u00e9s de tenir l\u00e0 le motif du choix que Simplicius avait fait du Manuel d\u2019\u00c9pict\u00e8te. [introduction p. 51-52]","btype":2,"date":"1995","language":"French","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/uXmnTeKsGQf7VkO","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":4,"full_name":"Hadot, Ilsetraut","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":556,"full_name":"Moreschini, Claudio","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1498,"section_of":1497,"pages":"175-185","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":1497,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"it","title":"Esegesi, parafrasi e compilazione in et\u00e0 tardoantica: atti del terzo Convegno dell'Associazione di studi tardoantichi","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Moreschini1995","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1995","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/9TdVasyOFO7lHMY","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":1497,"pubplace":"Napoli","publisher":"M. D'Auria","series":"Collectanea (D'Auria)","volume":"9","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1995]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"722","_score":null,"_source":{"id":722,"authors_free":[{"id":1076,"entry_id":722,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":360,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Wildberg, Christian","free_first_name":"Christian","free_last_name":"Wildberg","norm_person":{"id":360,"first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Wildberg","full_name":"Wildberg, Christian","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/139018964","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1077,"entry_id":722,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":361,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Berger, Friederike","free_first_name":"Friederike","free_last_name":"Berger","norm_person":{"id":361,"first_name":"Friederike","last_name":"Berger","full_name":"Berger, Friederike","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1216192375","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2415,"entry_id":722,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":473,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Brockmann, Christian","free_first_name":"Christian","free_last_name":"Brockmann","norm_person":{"id":473,"first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Brockmann","full_name":"Brockmann, Christian","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/137576218","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2417,"entry_id":722,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":474,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"De Gregorio, Giuseppe","free_first_name":"Giuseppe","free_last_name":"De Gregorio","norm_person":{"id":474,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"De Gregorio","full_name":"De Gregorio, Giuseppe","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1056147482","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2419,"entry_id":722,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":475,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Ghisu, Maria Irene","free_first_name":"Maria Irene","free_last_name":"Ghisu","norm_person":{"id":475,"first_name":"Maria Irene","last_name":"Ghisu","full_name":"Ghisu, Maria Irene","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2421,"entry_id":722,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":476,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Kotzabassi, Sofia","free_first_name":"Sofia","free_last_name":"Kotzabassi","norm_person":{"id":476,"first_name":"Sofia","last_name":"Kotzabassi","full_name":"Kotzabassi, Sofia","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1030288763","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2423,"entry_id":722,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":477,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Noack, Beate","free_first_name":"Beate","free_last_name":"Noack","norm_person":{"id":477,"first_name":"Beate","last_name":"Noack","full_name":"Noack, Beate","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1223988120","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Simplicius und das Zitat. Zur \u00dcberlieferung des Anf\u00fchrungszeichens","main_title":{"title":"Simplicius und das Zitat. Zur \u00dcberlieferung des Anf\u00fchrungszeichens"},"abstract":"Gewiss, ein l\u00fcckenloser Beweis der Urspr\u00fcnglichkeit der Anf\u00fchrungszeichen im Mardanus 226, geschweige denn f\u00fcr die Zeichensetzung im Allgemeinen, ist hiermit nicht gelungen und war in Anbetracht der Quellenlage auch gar nicht m\u00f6glich. Dennoch, die aus diesen Beobachtungen zu ziehende Schlussfolgerung ist, dass die in mittelalterlichen Handschriften so h\u00e4ufigen und eindeutigen Anf\u00fchrungszeichen keineswegs im Namen der Textkritik ignoriert werden sollten. M\u00f6glicherweise lie\u00dfe sich dieselbe Forderung mit \u00e4hnlicher Berechtigung auch f\u00fcr andere Zeichen geltend machen.\r\n\r\nJedenfalls sollte man ernsthaft in Betracht ziehen, dass gerade in Abschriften aus Texten sp\u00e4tantiker Zeit Zeichen \u00fcberliefert sein k\u00f6nnen, die nicht nur f\u00fcr das korrekte Verst\u00e4ndnis eines Textes unverzichtbar sind, sondern auch dem Autor selbst, und nicht irgendeinem gelehrten Schreiber viel sp\u00e4terer Zeit, zu verdanken sind. Es sei daher abschlie\u00dfend an dieser Stelle und achtzig Jahre nach dem Erscheinen der Grundz\u00fcge und Chrestomathie der Papyruskunde an einen ganz \u00e4hnlichen Hinweis Ulrich Wilckens erinnert:\r\n\r\n\"Einige Interpunktionszeichen wird man in den Urkunden selten finden ... Dagegen war es von den fr\u00fchesten Zeiten an eine weitverbreitete Sitte, S\u00e4tze oder Satzteile oder gar W\u00f6rter durch gr\u00f6\u00dfere oder kleinere Spatien zu trennen. Auf diese in den Editionen noch viel zu wenig zum Ausdruck kommende Interpunktion m\u00f6chte ich die Papyrusleser ganz besonders aufmerksam machen, da durch sie uns oft die authentische Interpretation des Schreibers an die Hand gegeben wird.\" [conclusion p. 196-197]","btype":2,"date":"1993","language":"German","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/cjMqjU5dghJg6Mi","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":360,"full_name":"Wildberg, Christian","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":361,"full_name":"Berger, Friederike","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":473,"full_name":"Brockmann, Christian","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":474,"full_name":"De Gregorio, Giuseppe","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":475,"full_name":"Ghisu, Maria Irene","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":476,"full_name":"Kotzabassi, Sofia","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":477,"full_name":"Noack, Beate","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":722,"section_of":353,"pages":"187-199","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":353,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"no language selected","title":"Symbolae Berolinenses. F\u00fcr Dieter Harlfinger","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Berger1993","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1993","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1993","abstract":"","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/WynC9SYoNF55LD8","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":353,"pubplace":"Amsterdam","publisher":"Hakkert","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":null,"valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1993]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"795","_score":null,"_source":{"id":795,"authors_free":[{"id":1173,"entry_id":795,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":108,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","free_first_name":"Henry J.","free_last_name":"Blumenthal","norm_person":{"id":108,"first_name":"Henry J.","last_name":"Blumenthal","full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051543967","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":2441,"entry_id":795,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":108,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","free_first_name":"Henry J.","free_last_name":"Blumenthal","norm_person":{"id":108,"first_name":"Henry J.","last_name":"Blumenthal","full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051543967","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Simplicius(?) on the first book of Aristotle\u2019s De Anima","main_title":{"title":"Simplicius(?) on the first book of Aristotle\u2019s De Anima"},"abstract":"Neoplatonic exposition of classical Greek philosophy includes \r\ntwo kinds of reinterpretation. The first and most basic is, of course, \r\nthe reading of Plato himself as a Neoplatonist. This is, it goes without \r\nsaying, to be found primarily in all the independent works of Neopla\u00ad\r\ntonism, as well as in commentaries on works of Plato. The other, \r\nwith which readers of the Aristotelian commentators are more often \r\nconcerned, is the Platonization of Aristotle. The latter is crucial to \r\nour understanding of any Neoplatonist commentator, both in himself \r\nand also as an authority on Aristotle. And since we are dealing with a \r\ntext at least superficially based on Aristotle, I shall devote most of this \r\npaper to some of the somewhat strange interpretations of him to be \r\nfound in Book 1 of the De anima commentary. At the same time this \r\nparticular book also offers an opportunity, which the commentary on \r\nwhat will have seemed to him the more obviously philosophically in\u00ad\r\nteresting parts of the De anima does not1, to see how Simplicius \r\nworks in the area of Plato interpretation, and we shall look at the \r\nway in which Plato and Aristotle are both subjected to similar tech\u00ad\r\nniques of interpretation. [p. 91]","btype":2,"date":"1993","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/b0MGk7ACSQL6CCE","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":108,"full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":108,"full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":795,"section_of":214,"pages":"91-112","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":214,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":1,"language":"en","title":"Soul and intellect: Studies in Plotinus and later Neoplatonism","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Blumenthal1993c","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1993","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1993","abstract":"This book presents a series of Dr. Blumenthal\u2019s studies on the history of Neoplatonism, from its founder Plotinus to the end of Classical Antiquity, relating especially to the Neoplatonists\u2019 doctrines about the soul. The work falls into two parts. The first deals with Plotinus and considers the soul both as part of the structure of the universe and in its capacity as the basis of the individual\u2019s vital and cognitive functions. The second part is concerned with the later history of Neoplatonism, including its end. Its main focus is the investigation of how Neoplatonic psychology was modified and developed by later philosophers, in particular the commentators on Aristotle, and used as the starting point for their Platonizing interpretations of his philosophy.","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/Hj2vOznXoMqSzco","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":214,"pubplace":"Aldershot (Hampshire)","publisher":"Variorum","series":"Variorum collected studies series","volume":"426","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1993]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"646","_score":null,"_source":{"id":646,"authors_free":[{"id":924,"entry_id":646,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":416,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Barnes, Jonathan","free_first_name":"Jonathan","free_last_name":"Barnes","norm_person":{"id":416,"first_name":"Jonathan","last_name":"Barnes","full_name":"Barnes, Jonathan","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/134306627","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":925,"entry_id":646,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":415,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Annas, Julia","free_first_name":"Julia","free_last_name":"Annas","norm_person":{"id":415,"first_name":"Julia","last_name":"Annas","full_name":"Annas, Julia","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/112065120","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Metacommentary","main_title":{"title":"Metacommentary"},"abstract":"Simplicius is in the scholarly news; the Neoplatonists are making a comeback; and the Greek commentaries on Aristotle are submitting to renewed scholarly scrutiny and enjoying some little publicity. Students of Greek philosophy have always referred to Simplicius and his fellows; but they have usually read a page here and a paragraph there, and their primary interest in the works has been in their value as sources for earlier thought (for the Presocratics, for the Stoics). This approach to a text has its dangers; and it is an unqualified good that Simplicius\u2019 works are now being studied hard for themselves and as wholes. The French metacommentary may be regarded, and should be welcomed, as a part of this enterprise. But I am, I suspect, not alone in hoping that the next nine fascicles may prove a touch more sprightly and a touch more lithe. [conclusion p. 280-281]","btype":2,"date":"1992","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/FBuj9EwgXQZ5fXT","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":416,"full_name":"Barnes, Jonathan","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":415,"full_name":"Annas, Julia","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":646,"section_of":285,"pages":"267-281","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":285,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"en","title":"Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Annas1992","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1992","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1992","abstract":"Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy is an annual publication which includes original articles on a wide range of topics in ancient philosophy, and review articles of major books. In this supplementary volume, a number of renowned scholars of Plato reflect upon their interpretative methods. Topics covered include the use of ancient authorities in interpreting Plato's dialogues, Plato's literary and rhetorical style, his arguments and characters, and his use of the dialogue form. The collection is not intended as a comprehensive survey of methodological approaches; rather it offers a number of different perspectives and clearly articulated interpretations by leading scholars in the field. [offical abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/dS81MCQI85uHYdS","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":285,"pubplace":"Oxford","publisher":"Clarendon Press","series":"","volume":"X","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1992]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"1005","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1005,"authors_free":[{"id":1511,"entry_id":1005,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":28,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Algra, Keimpe A.","free_first_name":"Keimpe A.","free_last_name":"Algra","norm_person":{"id":28,"first_name":"Keimpe A.","last_name":"Algra","full_name":"Algra, Keimpe A.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/115110992","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1512,"entry_id":1005,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":7,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Fortenbaugh, William W.","free_first_name":"William W.","free_last_name":"Fortenbaugh","norm_person":{"id":7,"first_name":"William W. ","last_name":"Fortenbaugh","full_name":"Fortenbaugh, William W. ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/110233700","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1513,"entry_id":1005,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":379,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Gutas, Dimitri","free_first_name":"Dimitri","free_last_name":"Gutas","norm_person":{"id":379,"first_name":"Dimitri","last_name":"Gutas","full_name":"Gutas, Dimitri","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/122946243","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"'Place' in Context: On Theophrastus Fr. 21 et 22 Wimmer","main_title":{"title":"'Place' in Context: On Theophrastus Fr. 21 et 22 Wimmer"},"abstract":"Fr. 21 and fr. 22 Wimmer\u2014two passages in Simplicius\u2019 commentary on Aristotle\u2019s Physics\u2014constitute virtually all the available information concerning Theophrastus\u2019 ideas about place. Fr. 21 (Simpl., In Phys., Corollarium de loco [CAG vol. 9 p. 604.5\u201311 Diels]) contains a relatively straightforward enumeration of what Simplicius describes as a set of aporiai put forward by Theophrastus in connection with Aristotle\u2019s famous final definition of place as the \"inner boundary of the surrounding body.\" As to fr. 22, an allegedly verbatim quotation (Simpl., In Phys., Corollarium de loco [CAG vol. 9 p. 639.13\u201322 Diels]), the situation is more complicated. In the first place, it is not immediately clear what exactly Theophrastus was trying to convey in these rather condensed phrases. As a result, opinions differ as to how the contents of this fragment relate to the aporiai of fr. 21 and to Aristotle\u2019s theory of place. Secondly, it may well be asked to what extent Theophrastus was himself positively committed to the ideas expressed in fr. 22. Thirdly, a careful assessment of the context in which Simplicius quotes this passage is needed, for it is not immediately clear what position Simplicius assigns to Theophrastus\u2019 conception of place in his Corollarium de loco.\r\n\r\nThe existing scholarly literature on Theophrastus\u2019 conception of place is not extensive. As to the problem of the interpretation of the more crucial fr. 22, the status quaestionis is, roughly, as follows. According to what I shall refer to as the \"traditional\" view\u2014a view defended by Jammer and Sambursky\u2014fr. 22 testifies to Theophrastus having developed a \"relational\" theory of place as a full-blown alternative to Aristotle\u2019s defective theory. Sambursky characteristically compared the view expressed in Theophrastus fr. 22 with Leibniz\u2019s theory of place. Pierre Duhem, on the other hand, saw fr. 22 as dealing with the primacy of natural place and, more or less following Simplicius, assumed a close resemblance between this view and Damascius\u2019 theory of \"essential place\" (topos ousiodes). Unfortunately, however, these scholars offered little beyond a categorical statement of their position. Hence, they left room for a more detailed analysis of both fr. 21 and 22.\r\n\r\nSuch an analysis has now been provided by Richard Sorabji in his challenging paper \"Theophrastus on Place\" and in the two relevant chapters of his book Matter, Space and Motion. As a result, any attempt to study Theophrastus\u2019 fragments on place should come to terms with Sorabji\u2019s interpretation, the more so since this interpretation is rather radically opposed to the traditional view. According to Sorabji, fr. 22 should not be read as representing anything like a fully developed concept of place. Rather, it is best understood as an argument (or rather an objection) with a much more limited scope, specifically directed against Aristotle\u2019s conception of (the dynamic character of) natural place.\r\n\r\nThe aim of the present study is to determine what position should be assigned to Theophrastus\u2019 ideas about place in general, and to fr. 22 in particular, in the Rezeptionsgeschichte of Aristotelian physics. To this purpose, we shall concentrate on the three main items already referred to, viz. (1) the interpretation of fr. 22 in relation to fr. 21 and to Aristotle\u2019s theory of topos as found in the Physics, (2) the problem of Theophrastus\u2019 commitment, and (3) the question as to how our source Simplicius interprets, or misinterprets, Theophrastus\u2019 position.\r\n\r\nThe structure of the present study, accordingly, is as follows. Section (I) contains some observations on the systematic difficulties inherent in Aristotle\u2019s theory of topos, which may plausibly be regarded as providing the background of Theophrastus\u2019 aporiai in fr. 21. I shall argue that at least four out of these five aporiai (including the one dealing with the immobility of place) concern problems arising from Aristotle\u2019s reified conception of place. This, I argue, is one prima facie reason to believe\u2014pace Sorabji\u2014that Theophrastus fr. 22, which explicitly swaps the conception of topos-as-a-thing for topos-as-a-relation, should be regarded as providing an alternative to Aristotle\u2019s conception of place in general, rather than a mere alternative conception of natural place. This stance will be further defended in Section (II), which studies the role of natural place in Aristotle\u2019s physics and in Theophrastus fr. 22 in some more detail. Section (III) deals with the problem of Theophrastus\u2019 commitment to the contents of fr. 22. Section (IV), finally, attempts to determine what position Simplicius assigns to Theophrastus fr. 22 in his historical survey of concepts of place in the Corollarium de loco. It will be shown that Simplicius groups together Theophrastus, Iamblichus, and Damascius on the basis of a rather limited common ground between their theories. This is done in the context of an elaborate (and allegedly complete) division (diaeresis) of conceptions of place. I shall attempt to show that a closer study of the structure of this diaeresis reveals how Simplicius interpreted the text of our Theophrastus fr. 22. Since Simplicius apparently had first-hand knowledge of Theophrastus\u2019 Physics and since, on the other hand, there are hardly any reasons to assume that Simplicius misrepresents or misunderstands Theophrastus\u2019 position, the way he interprets fr. 22 himself is of great interest. Our conclusions are summarized in Section (V).\r\n\r\nThe resulting interpretation of Theophrastus\u2019 position differs both from the traditional one and from that put forward by Sorabji. I shall argue, against the \"traditional\" view, that the evidence does not indicate that Theophrastus ever worked out the suggestions of fr. 22 into a detailed and coherent alternative theory of place. Even if the fragment represents ideas endorsed by Theophrastus in propria persona, as I believe it does, we should take into account that its phrasing points to a dialectical context. At the same time, I dissent from Sorabji\u2019s interpretation in that I do not believe that the argument has Aristotle\u2019s concept of natural place as its exclusive, or even primary, target. The present study should therefore be regarded as an attempt to defend a qualified version of the traditional view by means of a closer study of the preserved evidence. [introduction p. 141-143]","btype":2,"date":"1992","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/0oHBoWr21Bfhamu","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":28,"full_name":"Algra, Keimpe A.","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":7,"full_name":"Fortenbaugh, William W. ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":379,"full_name":"Gutas, Dimitri","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1005,"section_of":294,"pages":"141-165","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":294,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"en","title":"Theophrastus. His Psychological, Doxographical and Scientific Writings","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Fortenbaugh1992","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1992","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1992","abstract":"Theophrastus of Eresus was Aristotle's pupil and successor as head of the Peripatetic School. He is best known as the author of the amusing Characters and two ground-breaking works in botany, but his writings extend over the entire range of Hellenistic philosophic studies. Volume 5 of Rutgers University Studies in Classical Humanities focuses on his scientific work. The volume contains new editions of two brief scientific essays-On Fish and Afeteoro\/o^y-accompanied by translations and commentary.\r\n\r\nAmong the contributions are: \"Peripatetic Dialectic in the De sensibus,\" Han Baltussen; \"Empedocles\" Theory of Vision and Theophrastus' De sensibus,\" David N. Sedley; \"Theophrastus on the Intellect,\" Daniel Devereux; \"Theophrastus and Aristotle on Animal Intelligence,\" Eve Browning Cole; \"Physikai doxai and Problemata physika from Aristotle to Agtius (and Beyond),\" Jap Mansfield; \"Xenophanes or Theophrastus? An Aetian Doxographicum on the Sun,\" David Runia; \"Place1 in Context: On Theophrastus, Fr. 21 and 22 Wimmer,\" Keimpe Algra; \"The Meteorology of Theophrastus in Syriac and Arabic Translation,\" Hans Daiber; \"Theophrastus' Meteorology, Aristotle and Posidonius,\" Ian G. Kidd; \"The Authorship and Sources of the Peri Semeion Ascribed to Theophrastus,\" Patrick Cronin; \"Theophrastus, On Fish\" Robert W. Sharpies.","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/CJh1bdWfrxsEkZy","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":294,"pubplace":"New Brunswick","publisher":"Transaction Publers","series":"Rutgers University Studies in Classical Humanities","volume":"5","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1992]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"1076","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1076,"authors_free":[{"id":1630,"entry_id":1076,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":12,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Bossier, Fernand","free_first_name":"Fernand","free_last_name":"Bossier","norm_person":{"id":12,"first_name":"Fernand ","last_name":"Bossier","full_name":"Bossier, Fernand ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1017981663","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1631,"entry_id":1076,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":13,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Hamesse, Jacqueline ","free_first_name":"Jacqueline ","free_last_name":"Hamesse","norm_person":{"id":13,"first_name":"Jacqueline ","last_name":"Hamesse","full_name":"Hamesse, Jacqueline ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/132262746","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Le probl\u00e8me des lemmes du De caelo dans la traduction latine du commentaire In De Caelo de Simplicius","main_title":{"title":"Le probl\u00e8me des lemmes du De caelo dans la traduction latine du commentaire In De Caelo de Simplicius"},"abstract":"Un des probl\u00e8mes qui peuvent encombrer l\u2019\u00e9dition critique des commentaires anciens et m\u00e9di\u00e9vaux sur les grands trait\u00e9s qui ont fait autorit\u00e9 dans les \u00e9coles (trait\u00e9s d\u2019Aristote, de Galien, de Ptol\u00e9m\u00e9e, etc.) concerne la mani\u00e8re dont les lemmes ou r\u00e9f\u00e9rences au texte comment\u00e9 doivent \u00eatre pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s ; car bien qu\u2019en r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale on aper\u00e7oive assez vite si l\u2019auteur a effectivement ins\u00e9r\u00e9 des r\u00e9f\u00e9rences pareilles, les informations concernant leur forme et leur texte sont plus d\u2019une fois peu concordantes, voire tr\u00e8s confuses.\r\n\r\nLa forme des lemmes peut varier pour la raison qu\u2019en t\u00eate d\u2019un commentaire on peut citer in extenso toute la section comment\u00e9e ou recourir \u00e0 un syst\u00e8me de lemmes abr\u00e9g\u00e9s, dont les principaux types seront \u00e9num\u00e9r\u00e9s ci-apr\u00e8s. Mais ce qu\u2019il importe de remarquer avant tout, c\u2019est qu\u2019en raison m\u00eame de leur fonction de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, les lemmes doivent \u00eatre bien distingu\u00e9s des commentaires eux-m\u00eames ; le commentateur, s\u2019il est attentif, prendra soin de les souligner ou de les \u00e9crire en caract\u00e8res un peu plus gros, ou il chargera son secr\u00e9taire ou son \u00e9diteur de les \u00e9crire en rouge.\r\n\r\nPlac\u00e9s en t\u00eate des commentaires pour en faciliter l\u2019\u00e9tude et bien distingu\u00e9s de ceux-ci, les lemmes, par contrecoup, sont tr\u00e8s expos\u00e9s aux tentatives de remaniement et d\u2019adaptation de la part des utilisateurs ult\u00e9rieurs. Il peut para\u00eetre utile \u00e0 un savant ou \u00e0 un \u00e9diteur d\u2019avoir ou de mettre sous les yeux le passage comment\u00e9 tout entier, en rempla\u00e7ant ou compl\u00e9tant les lemmes abr\u00e9g\u00e9s \u00e9crits par l\u2019auteur, ou d\u2019assurer au moins un usage plus facile et mieux organis\u00e9 du commentaire, en ajoutant apr\u00e8s les premiers mots du passage comment\u00e9, \u00e9crits par l\u2019auteur, la formule jusqu\u2019\u00e0, suivie des derniers mots de celui-ci. Inversement, les lemmes complets peuvent \u00eatre abr\u00e9g\u00e9s par un copiste, par exemple si le savant qui a pass\u00e9 la commande poss\u00e8de d\u00e9j\u00e0 le trait\u00e9 comment\u00e9.\r\n\r\nAinsi donc, la forme des lemmes varie tr\u00e8s souvent d\u2019un manuscrit \u00e0 l\u2019autre, voire d\u2019une partie \u00e0 l\u2019autre \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur d\u2019un m\u00eame manuscrit, et l\u2019\u00e9diteur d\u2019un commentaire devra se mettre \u00e0 la recherche de la forme que l\u2019auteur lui-m\u00eame leur a donn\u00e9e. Cette pr\u00e9occupation de retrouver la forme primitive ne m\u00e9rite pas d\u2019\u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme une sorte de surench\u00e8re critique. Il se peut, en effet, que la question de la forme des lemmes soit intimement li\u00e9e \u00e0 une autre, bien plus importante, \u00e0 savoir celle de la valeur des lemmes comme t\u00e9moins indirects du texte comment\u00e9. Si l\u2019\u00e9tude critique r\u00e9v\u00e8le que les lemmes sous telle ou telle forme ont \u00e9t\u00e9 refaits, on ne sera plus tent\u00e9 de penser que leur texte refl\u00e8te l\u2019\u00e9tat du texte comment\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque du commentateur, du moins pas dans les parties remani\u00e9es ou ajout\u00e9es ; seules les parties primitives seront jug\u00e9es \u00e0 m\u00eame de nous informer sur le texte lu et cit\u00e9 par le commentateur, bien que l\u00e0 encore la facilit\u00e9 d\u2019une adaptation ult\u00e9rieure doive nous inciter \u00e0 la prudence.\r\n\r\nDe toute \u00e9vidence, l\u2019\u00e9tude des lemmes ne pr\u00e9sente pas partout une pareille importance pour la critique textuelle du trait\u00e9 comment\u00e9, mais seulement dans les cas o\u00f9 le commentateur est reconnu \u00e0 juste titre comme un t\u00e9moin tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9cieux (par exemple les commentateurs Alexandre d\u2019Aphrodise, Ammonius, Jean Philopon, Simplicius pour le texte d\u2019Aristote) ou tout \u00e0 fait privil\u00e9gi\u00e9 du texte comment\u00e9. Mais m\u00eame en dehors de cette perspective, l\u2019\u00e9tude des lemmes se r\u00e9v\u00e8le plus d\u2019une fois tr\u00e8s fructueuse : la recherche de la forme primitive peut nous instruire non pas seulement sur la m\u00e9thode utilis\u00e9e par le commentateur, mais encore sur la mani\u00e8re dont les commentaires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9par\u00e9s et organis\u00e9s pour en faciliter la lecture et la consultation, et de cette sorte, elle nous m\u00e8ne de temps \u00e0 autre \u00e0 des d\u00e9couvertes tout \u00e0 fait inattendues.\r\n\r\nLe but du pr\u00e9sent article est de montrer comment une analyse minutieuse des lemmes latins du De caelo, contenus dans la traduction latine du commentaire In De caelo de Simplicius, nous a mis sur la voie de trois recensions du De caelo, dont deux \u00e9taient compl\u00e8tement inconnues auparavant. [introduction p. 361-362]","btype":2,"date":"1992","language":"French","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/Db9PyA6a27u1SM5","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":12,"full_name":"Bossier, Fernand ","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":13,"full_name":"Hamesse, Jacqueline ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1076,"section_of":278,"pages":"361-397","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":278,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"fr","title":"Les probl\u00e8mes pos\u00e9s par l'\u00e9dition critique des textes anciens et m\u00e9di\u00e9vaux","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Hamesse1992","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1992","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1992","abstract":"La meilleure mani\u00e8re d'introduire aux probl\u00e8mes pos\u00e9s par l'\u00e9dition critique des textes anciens et m\u00e9di\u00e9vaux est de pr\u00e9senter une s\u00e9rie de cas concrets illustrant les difficult\u00e9s inh\u00e9rentes \u00e0 ce type de travail et la complexit\u00e9 des \u00e9l\u00e9ments \u00e0 prendre en consid\u00e9ration. Les aspects \u00e0 traiter sont multiples. L'accent a \u00e9t\u00e9 mis sur la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de tenir compte du contexte historique qui a conditionn\u00e9 la transmission de l'oeuvre et des facteurs mat\u00e9riels qui sont intervenus dans la tradition. Appel a \u00e9t\u00e9 fait \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents sp\u00e9cialistes ayant rencontr\u00e9 des probl\u00e8mes sp\u00e9cifiques dans leurs travaux. Le volume contient des articles qui pr\u00e9sentent l'exp\u00e9rience de chercheurs qualifi\u00e9s dans des domaines pr\u00e9cis et qui mettent l'accent sur le point de vue m\u00e9thodologique.","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/1sNOomXw6buIlXz","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":278,"pubplace":"Louvain-la-Neuve","publisher":"Institute d'Etudes M\u00e9di\u00e9vales","series":"Textes, \u00c9tudes, Congr\u00e8s","volume":"13","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1992]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"1021","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1021,"authors_free":[{"id":1537,"entry_id":1021,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":43,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Sheppard, Anne D.","free_first_name":"Anne D.","free_last_name":"Sheppard","norm_person":{"id":43,"first_name":"Anne D.","last_name":"Sheppard","full_name":"Sheppard, Anne D.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1158024592","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1538,"entry_id":1021,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":108,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J. ","free_first_name":"Henry J.","free_last_name":"Blumenthal","norm_person":{"id":108,"first_name":"Henry J.","last_name":"Blumenthal","full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051543967","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1539,"entry_id":1021,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":139,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Robinson, Howard","free_first_name":"Howard","free_last_name":"Robinson","norm_person":{"id":139,"first_name":"Robinson","last_name":"Howard ","full_name":"Robinson, Howard ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/172347122","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Phantasia and Mental Images: Neoplatonist Interpretations of De Anima, 3.3","main_title":{"title":"Phantasia and Mental Images: Neoplatonist Interpretations of De Anima, 3.3"},"abstract":"Aristotle\u2019s treatment of phantasia in De anima 3.3 is both suggestive and tantalizing: suggestive because Aristotle seems to be trying to describe a capacity of the mind that cannot be identified either with sense-perception or with rational thought\u2014a capacity which, if it is not the same as what we call \"imagination,\" at least has much in common with it. It is tantalizing because the chapter flits from one point to another and is difficult to interpret as a consistent whole. There have been several recent attempts to make sense of the chapter and relate it to Aristotle\u2019s other remarks about phantasia elsewhere. I shall briefly discuss three of these, which all make some use of modern discussions of imagination. In all three cases, the way they interpret Aristotle\u2019s position is influenced by the account of imagination they themselves favor.\r\n\r\nIt used to be taken for granted that imagination involves having mental images, but this assumption was among the many challenged in the works of Wittgenstein and in Gilbert Ryle\u2019s The Concept of Mind. It is now more fashionable to analyze propositions of the form \"I imagine that P\" than to inquire into hypothetical pictures in the mind. Accordingly, some current interpreters of Aristotle claim that he is interested in the logic of the verb phainesthai, or in a power that interprets the data of perception, rather than in mental images.\r\n\r\nFor example, Malcolm Schofield claims that Aristotle is concerned with the verb phainesthai and the sense in which it expresses a non-committal attitude toward the veridical character of sensory or quasi-sensory experiences. According to Schofield, Aristotle is concerned with \"non-paradigmatic sensory experiences\"\u2014phenomena that make one say cautiously phainetai (\"It looks like an X\"). Mental imagery is only one type of such experience and is not Aristotle\u2019s main concern. Martha Nussbaum also emphasizes the connection with the verb phainesthai and explicitly attacks the view that mental images are central to either Aristotelian phantasia or our notion of imagination. Nussbaum claims that Aristotle has a very general interest in how things appear to living creatures. She examines Aristotle\u2019s account of the role of phantasia in animal movement and its relationship to aisthesis and argues that, for Aristotle, aisthesis is simply the passive reception of sense-impressions, while the role of phantasia is to interpret such impressions.\r\n\r\nMore recently, Deborah Modrak has argued for an interpretation of Aristotelian phantasia that once again makes mental images important. She argues against Nussbaum\u2019s interpretation of aisthesis as purely passive and describes phantasia as \"the awareness of a sensory content under conditions that are not conducive to veridical perception.\" Such awareness, she argues, can perfectly well take the form of a mental image.\r\n\r\nMy concern here is not so much to adjudicate among these rival modern interpretations of Aristotle as to inquire what light the Neoplatonist commentators on the De anima throw on the issues raised. It might be thought that this is a futile enterprise, given the very different presuppositions with which the ancient commentators approached Aristotle. Henry Blumenthal has demonstrated in a number of articles that these commentators read Aristotle through Platonizing spectacles and that their interpretation of his psychology is colored by their Platonist assumptions. Nevertheless, if we examine the discussions of De anima 3.3 by the Neoplatonists, some interesting light is cast on the question of whether phantasia involves mental images.\r\n\r\nIn this paper, I shall confine myself to the two Neoplatonist commentaries on the De anima\u2014those attributed to Simplicius and Philoponus. (Themistius, who was not a Neoplatonist, would require separate discussion.) Both commentaries raise problems of authorship, although these do not significantly affect the present inquiry. F. Bossier and C. Steel have argued that the commentary ascribed to Simplicius is not by him but by his contemporary Priscianus Lydus. Whether this is correct or not, the commentary is a product of sixth-century Athenian Neoplatonism. Book 3 of the Greek version of Philoponus\u2019 commentary has been much more conclusively demonstrated to be by the later Alexandrian commentator Stephanus. Part of a Latin translation of Philoponus\u2019 own work on De anima 3 survives, but his comments on 3.3 are not preserved. Those I shall be discussing are by Stephanus. (Where it is possible to compare the two commentators, the views of Stephanus are sometimes quite close to those of Philoponus, so it is likely that Philoponus\u2019 views on 3.3 were not very different from those we find in Stephanus.) [introduction p. 165-167]","btype":2,"date":"1991","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/lzX0JUImw1D2csY","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":43,"full_name":"Sheppard, Anne D.","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":108,"full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":139,"full_name":"Robinson, Howard ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1021,"section_of":354,"pages":"165-173","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":354,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"en","title":"Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, Supplementary volume: Aristotle and the Later Tradition","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Blumenthal\/Robinson1991","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1991","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1991","abstract":"This volume contains papers by a group of leading experts on Aristotle and the later Aristotelian tradition of Neoplatonism. The discussion ranges from Aristotle's treatment of Parmenides, the most important pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, to Neoplatonic and medieval use of Aristotle, for which Aristotle himself set guidelines in his discussions of his predecessors. Traces of these guidelines can be seen in the work of Plotinus, and that of the later Greek commentators on Aristotle. The study of these commentators, and the recognition of the philosophical interest and importance of the ideas which they expressed in their commentaries, is an exciting new development in ancient philosophy to which this book makes a unique and distinguished contribution.[official abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/jxVlK6YghFkMcPK","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":354,"pubplace":"Oxford","publisher":"Clarendon Press","series":"Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1991]}

{"_index":"sire","_id":"894","_score":null,"_source":{"id":894,"authors_free":[{"id":1317,"entry_id":894,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":108,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","free_first_name":"Henry J.","free_last_name":"Blumenthal","norm_person":{"id":108,"first_name":"Henry J.","last_name":"Blumenthal","full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051543967","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1319,"entry_id":894,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":108,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","free_first_name":"Henry J.","free_last_name":"Blumenthal","norm_person":{"id":108,"first_name":"Henry J.","last_name":"Blumenthal","full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051543967","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}},{"id":1320,"entry_id":894,"agent_type":null,"is_normalised":null,"person_id":139,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Robinson, Howard","free_first_name":"Howard","free_last_name":"Robinson","norm_person":{"id":139,"first_name":"Robinson","last_name":"Howard ","full_name":"Robinson, Howard ","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/172347122","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}],"entry_title":"Nous path\u00eatikos in later Greek philosophy","main_title":{"title":"Nous path\u00eatikos in later Greek philosophy"},"abstract":"In 1911 H. Kurfess obtained a doctorate from the University of \r\nT\u00fcbingen with a dissertation on the history of the interpretation of nous \r\npoietikos and nous pathetikos} Notoriously the expression nous poietikos \r\nnever occurs in the text of Aristotle, but its derivation from De mim. \r\n430*11-12 is an easy step, and when philosophers and commentators \r\nsubsequently discuss it, we know what it is that they are talking about, \r\neven if its nature and status remained, and remain, controversial. \r\nSimilarly nouspathetikos, or rather ho pathetikos nous, occurs only once in \r\nthe pages of Aristotle, but appears often, if less frequently than nous \r\npoietikos, in the texts of his successors and interpreters. In its case, \r\nhowever, though the expression occurs in Aristotle\u2019s De anima, its \r\nreference is unclear. To aggravate matters, nous pathetikos quite often \r\nappears in his successors in contexts which seem to have nothing to do \r\nwith the intellect. Yet while nous poietikos has generated an enormous \r\nliterature from the ancient world up until today, the phrase nous \r\npathetikos has received nothing like the attention of its partner. This \r\npaper will examine some of its uses in both commentators and Neo- \r\nplatonist philosophers in the hope of explaining its appearance and \r\nclarifying its meaning. [Introduction, p. 191]","btype":2,"date":"1991","language":"English","online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/Di0rd034eeOOHeY","doi_url":null,"categories":[],"authors":[{"id":108,"full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"}},{"id":108,"full_name":"Blumenthal, Henry J.","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}},{"id":139,"full_name":"Robinson, Howard ","role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"}}],"book":null,"booksection":{"id":894,"section_of":354,"pages":"191-205","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":354,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":null,"type":4,"language":"en","title":"Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, Supplementary volume: Aristotle and the Later Tradition","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"Blumenthal\/Robinson1991","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1991","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1991","abstract":"This volume contains papers by a group of leading experts on Aristotle and the later Aristotelian tradition of Neoplatonism. The discussion ranges from Aristotle's treatment of Parmenides, the most important pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, to Neoplatonic and medieval use of Aristotle, for which Aristotle himself set guidelines in his discussions of his predecessors. Traces of these guidelines can be seen in the work of Plotinus, and that of the later Greek commentators on Aristotle. The study of these commentators, and the recognition of the philosophical interest and importance of the ideas which they expressed in their commentaries, is an exciting new development in ancient philosophy to which this book makes a unique and distinguished contribution.[official abstract]","republication_of":null,"online_url":"","online_resources":"https:\/\/uni-koeln.sciebo.de\/s\/jxVlK6YghFkMcPK","translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":354,"pubplace":"Oxford","publisher":"Clarendon Press","series":"Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[1991]}