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Impetus Theory and the Hermeneutics of Science in Simplicius and Philoponus, 1999
By: Wildberg, Christian

Title	Impetus Theory and the Hermeneutics of Science in Simplicius and Philoponus
Type	Article
Language	English
Date	1999
Journal	Hyperboreus
Volume	5
Issue	1
Pages	107–124
Categories	no categories
Author(s)	Wildberg, Christian
Editor(s)
Translator(s)

Let me come to a conclusion: In the first part of this paper I claimed that historians o f science do and should inquire into the context o f origin of past philosophical theories, not only into the context of the validity (1). Three different attempts to explain the innovative character o f John Philoponus' philosophy were discussed; all were flawed by the fact that they sought an explanation by means o f external historiography: in religion, biography and economic circumstances (II). In the main part o f this paper attention was drawn to the striking difference between the presuppositions at work in Simplicius’ and Philoponus' respective hermeneutics o f science (111). I have argued that Philoponus was able to liberate his mind in an unprecedented way from the constraints of the Neoplatonists' commitment to harmony, authority and salvation through philosophy. Philoponus’ alternative heuristic method, termed constructive criticism, was then identified as perhaps the most im portant driving force behind his scientific innovations (IV). I should like to conclude with the general recommendation that anyone who is interested in elucidating the origin o f philosophical-scientific ideas and controversies, be it o f the sixth century or at any other time, might find it more fruitful to study carefully the methodological presuppositions involved, be they hermeneutic, empirical, or speculative, rather than to gesture all too readily to external parameters like religion, anecdotes, or the socio-economics of the market place. [conclusion p. 123-124]

Online Resources

https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/H1d8bA0zFyyKAUN

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Simplicius (fl. first half of 6th century AD), 1998
By: Wildberg, Christian, Craig, Edward (Ed.)

Title	Simplicius (fl. first half of 6th century AD)
Type	Book Section
Language	English
Date	1998
Published in	Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Vol. 8)
Pages	788-791
Categories	no categories
Author(s)	Wildberg, Christian
Editor(s)	Craig, Edward
Translator(s)

Simplicius of Cilicia, a Greek Neoplatonic philosopher and polymath, lived in the eastern part of the Roman Empire. He is the author of the most learned commentaries on Aristotle produced in antiquity, works which rest upon the accumulated accomplishments of ancient Greek philosophy and science. In them he gives numerous illuminating references and explanations that not only lead to a fuller understanding of Aristotle, but also allow one to reconstruct the history of the interpretation and criticism of Aristotelian doctrines in antiquity. The main principle that guides Simplicius’ exegesis is the conviction that most Greek philosophers, including some Presocratics, can be brought into agreement with Neoplatonism. Simplicius adduces copious quotations to prove his point, thereby supplying us with substantial fragments from lost works of thinkers like Parmenides, Empedocles, Anaxagoras, Eudemus and the Stoics. A devout pagan, Simplicius sought to defend traditional Greek religion and philosophy against the oppressive dominance of Christianity. His commentaries have influenced the reception and interpretation of Aristotle’s philosophy ever since. [Author’s abstract]

Online Resources

https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/XZqDDiQkn8uEw2C

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Simplicius und das Zitat. Zur Überlieferung des Anführungszeichens, 1993
By: Wildberg, Christian, Berger, Friederike (Ed.), Brockmann, Christian (Ed.), De Gregorio, Giuseppe (Ed.), Ghisu, Maria Irene (Ed.), Kotzabassi, Sofia (Ed.), Noack, Beate (Ed.)

Title	Simplicius und das Zitat. Zur Überlieferung des Anführungszeichens
Type	Book Section
Language	German
Date	1993
Published in	Symbolae Berolinenses. Für Dieter Harlfinger
Pages	187-199
Categories	no categories
Author(s)	Wildberg, Christian
Editor(s)	Berger, Friederike , Brockmann, Christian , De Gregorio, Giuseppe , Ghisu, Maria Irene , Kotzabassi, Sofia , Noack, Beate
Translator(s)

Gewiss, ein lückenloser Beweis der Ursprünglichkeit der Anführungszeichen im Mardanus 226, geschweige denn für die Zeichensetzung im Allgemeinen, ist hiermit nicht gelungen und war in Anbetracht der Quellenlage auch gar nicht möglich. Dennoch, die aus diesen Beobachtungen zu ziehende Schlussfolgerung ist, dass die in mittelalterlichen Handschriften so häufigen und eindeutigen Anführungszeichen keineswegs im Namen der Textkritik ignoriert werden sollten. Möglicherweise ließe sich dieselbe Forderung mit ähnlicher Berechtigung auch für andere Zeichen geltend machen. Jedenfalls sollte man ernsthaft in Betracht ziehen, dass gerade in Abschriften aus Texten spätantiker Zeit Zeichen überliefert sein können, die nicht nur für das korrekte Verständnis eines Textes unverzichtbar sind, sondern auch dem Autor selbst, und nicht irgendeinem gelehrten Schreiber viel späterer Zeit, zu verdanken sind. Es sei daher abschließend an dieser Stelle und achtzig Jahre nach dem Erscheinen der Grundzüge und Chrestomathie der Papyruskunde an einen ganz ähnlichen Hinweis Ulrich Wilckens erinnert: "Einige Interpunktionszeichen wird man in den Urkunden selten finden ... Dagegen war es von den frühesten Zeiten an eine weitverbreitete Sitte, Sätze oder Satzteile oder gar Wörter durch größere oder kleinere Spatien zu trennen. Auf diese in den Editionen noch viel zu wenig zum Ausdruck kommende Interpunktion möchte ich die Papyrusleser ganz besonders aufmerksam machen, da durch sie uns oft die authentische Interpretation des Schreibers an die Hand gegeben wird." [conclusion p. 196-197]

Online Resources

https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/cjMqjU5dghJg6Mi

Philoponus : corollaries on place and void ; with Simplicius against Philoponus on the Eternity of the World, 1991
By: Simplicius, Philoponus

Title	Philoponus : corollaries on place and void ; with Simplicius against Philoponus on the Eternity of the World
Type	Monograph
Language	English
Date	1991
Publication Place	London
Publisher	Bloomsbury
Series	Ancient Commentators on Aristotle
Categories	no categories
Author(s)	Simplicius , Philoponus
Editor(s)
Translator(s)	Furley, David J.(Furley, David J. ) , Wildberg, Christian(Wildberg, Christian) ,

In the Corollaries on Place and Void, Philoponus attacks Aristotle's conception of place as two-dimensional, adopting instead the view more familiar to us that it is three-dimensional, inert and conceivable as void. Philoponus' denial that velocity in the void would be infinite anticipated Galileo, as did his denial that speed of fall is proportionate to weight, which Galileo greatly developed. In the second document Simplicius attacks a lost treatise of Philoponus which argued for the Christians against the eternity of the world. He exploits Aristotle's concession that the world contains only finite power. Simplicius' presentation of Philoponus' arguments (which may well be tendentious), together with his replies, tell us a good deal about both Philosophers. [author's abstract]

Online Resources

https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/VXsnYcvbcBQqcVL

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PAGE 1 OF 1

Impetus Theory and the Hermeneutics of Science in Simplicius and Philoponus, 1999
By: Wildberg, Christian

Title	Impetus Theory and the Hermeneutics of Science in Simplicius and Philoponus
Type	Article
Language	English
Date	1999
Journal	Hyperboreus
Volume	5
Issue	1
Pages	107–124
Categories	no categories
Author(s)	Wildberg, Christian
Editor(s)
Translator(s)

Let me come to a conclusion:  In  the  first part of this paper I claimed  that 
historians o f science do and  should  inquire  into the context o f origin of past 
philosophical  theories,  not  only  into  the  context  of the  validity  (1).  Three 
different  attempts  to  explain  the  innovative  character  o f John  Philoponus' 
philosophy  were  discussed;  all  were  flawed  by  the  fact that  they  sought  an 
explanation by means o f external  historiography:  in religion, biography and 
economic  circumstances  (II).  In  the  main  part  o f this  paper  attention  was drawn  to  the  striking  difference  between  the  presuppositions  at  work  in 
Simplicius’ and  Philoponus'  respective  hermeneutics o f science (111).  I  have 
argued that Philoponus was able to liberate his mind  in an  unprecedented way 
from  the constraints of the Neoplatonists'  commitment to harmony, authority 
and salvation through philosophy.  Philoponus’  alternative heuristic  method, 
termed  constructive  criticism,  was  then  identified  as  perhaps  the  most  im
portant driving force  behind  his scientific  innovations (IV).  I  should  like  to 
conclude with the general  recommendation  that  anyone  who  is  interested  in 
elucidating the origin o f philosophical-scientific  ideas and controversies,  be 
it o f the sixth century or at any other time, might find  it more fruitful  to study 
carefully the methodological  presuppositions involved, be they  hermeneutic, 
empirical,  or  speculative,  rather  than  to  gesture  all  too  readily  to  external 
parameters  like  religion,  anecdotes,  or  the  socio-economics  of the  market 
place. [conclusion p. 123-124]

Online Resources

https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/H1d8bA0zFyyKAUN

Philoponus : corollaries on place and void ; with Simplicius against Philoponus on the Eternity of the World, 1991
By: Simplicius, Philoponus

Title	Philoponus : corollaries on place and void ; with Simplicius against Philoponus on the Eternity of the World
Type	Monograph
Language	English
Date	1991
Publication Place	London
Publisher	Bloomsbury
Series	Ancient Commentators on Aristotle
Categories	no categories
Author(s)	, Simplicius , Philoponus
Editor(s)
Translator(s)	Furley, David J.(Furley, David J. ) , Wildberg, Christian(Wildberg, Christian) ,

In the Corollaries on Place and Void, Philoponus attacks Aristotle's conception of place as two-dimensional, adopting instead the view more familiar to us that it is three-dimensional, inert and conceivable as void. Philoponus' denial that velocity in the void would be infinite anticipated Galileo, as did his denial that speed of fall is proportionate to weight, which Galileo greatly developed.

In the second document Simplicius attacks a lost treatise of Philoponus which argued for the Christians against the eternity of the world. He exploits Aristotle's concession that the world contains only finite power. Simplicius' presentation of Philoponus' arguments (which may well be tendentious), together with his replies, tell us a good deal about both Philosophers. [author's abstract]

Online Resources

https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/VXsnYcvbcBQqcVL

Simplicius (fl. first half of 6th century AD), 1998
By: Wildberg, Christian, Craig, Edward (Ed.)

Title	Simplicius (fl. first half of 6th century AD)
Type	Book Section
Language	English
Date	1998
Published in	Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Vol. 8)
Pages	788-791
Categories	no categories
Author(s)	Wildberg, Christian
Editor(s)	Craig, Edward
Translator(s)

Simplicius of Cilicia, a Greek Neoplatonic philosopher and polymath, lived in the eastern part of the Roman Empire. He is the author of the most learned commentaries on Aristotle produced in antiquity, works which rest upon the accumulated accomplishments of ancient Greek philosophy and science. In them he gives numerous illuminating references and explanations that not only lead to a fuller understanding of Aristotle, but also allow one to reconstruct the history of the interpretation and criticism of Aristotelian doctrines in antiquity.  The main principle that guides Simplicius’ exegesis is the conviction that most Greek philosophers, including some Presocratics, can be brought into agreement with Neoplatonism. Simplicius adduces copious quotations to prove his point, thereby supplying us with substantial fragments from lost works of thinkers like Parmenides, Empedocles, Anaxagoras, Eudemus and the Stoics. A devout pagan, Simplicius sought to defend traditional Greek religion and philosophy against the oppressive dominance of Christianity. His commentaries have influenced the reception and interpretation of Aristotle’s philosophy ever since. [Author’s abstract]

Online Resources

https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/XZqDDiQkn8uEw2C

Title	Simplicius und das Zitat. Zur Überlieferung des Anführungszeichens
Type	Book Section
Language	German
Date	1993
Published in	Symbolae Berolinenses. Für Dieter Harlfinger
Pages	187-199
Categories	no categories
Author(s)	Wildberg, Christian
Editor(s)	Berger, Friederike , Brockmann, Christian , De Gregorio, Giuseppe , Ghisu, Maria Irene , Kotzabassi, Sofia , Noack, Beate
Translator(s)

Gewiss, ein lückenloser Beweis der Ursprünglichkeit der Anführungszeichen im Mardanus 226, geschweige denn für die Zeichensetzung im Allgemeinen, ist hiermit nicht gelungen und war in Anbetracht der Quellenlage auch gar nicht möglich. Dennoch, die aus diesen Beobachtungen zu ziehende Schlussfolgerung ist, dass die in mittelalterlichen Handschriften so häufigen und eindeutigen Anführungszeichen keineswegs im Namen der Textkritik ignoriert werden sollten. Möglicherweise ließe sich dieselbe Forderung mit ähnlicher Berechtigung auch für andere Zeichen geltend machen.

Jedenfalls sollte man ernsthaft in Betracht ziehen, dass gerade in Abschriften aus Texten spätantiker Zeit Zeichen überliefert sein können, die nicht nur für das korrekte Verständnis eines Textes unverzichtbar sind, sondern auch dem Autor selbst, und nicht irgendeinem gelehrten Schreiber viel späterer Zeit, zu verdanken sind. Es sei daher abschließend an dieser Stelle und achtzig Jahre nach dem Erscheinen der Grundzüge und Chrestomathie der Papyruskunde an einen ganz ähnlichen Hinweis Ulrich Wilckens erinnert:

"Einige Interpunktionszeichen wird man in den Urkunden selten finden ... Dagegen war es von den frühesten Zeiten an eine weitverbreitete Sitte, Sätze oder Satzteile oder gar Wörter durch größere oder kleinere Spatien zu trennen. Auf diese in den Editionen noch viel zu wenig zum Ausdruck kommende Interpunktion möchte ich die Papyrusleser ganz besonders aufmerksam machen, da durch sie uns oft die authentische Interpretation des Schreibers an die Hand gegeben wird." [conclusion p. 196-197]

Online Resources

https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/cjMqjU5dghJg6Mi

PAGE 1 OF 1